A Review of the Socio-Economic, Institutional, and Biophysical Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers’ Adoption of Climate Smart Agricultural Practices in Sub-Saharan Africa

A Review of the Socio-Economic, Institutional, and Biophysical Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers’ Adoption of Climate Smart Agricultural Practices in Sub-Saharan Africa

Climate change and variability are characterized by unpredictable and extreme weather events. They adversely impact the highly susceptible smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, who heavily rely on rain-fed agriculture. Climate smart agriculture (CSA) practices have been extensively promoted as...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bonface O. Manono, Shahbaz Khan, Kelvin Mutugi Kithaka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Earth
Subjects:
climate-smart agriculture
policy interventions
influencing factors
small-holder farmers
food security
adaptation and resilience
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4834/6/2/48
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