Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The link between celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been well-documented in the medical literature and is thought to be due to a shared genetic predisposition in addition to environmental triggers. This study aimed to determine the seropre...

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Main Authors: Mohammed Hakami, Saeed Yafei, Abdulrahman Hummadi, Raed Abutaleb, Abdullah Khawaji, Yahia Solan, Turki Aljohani, Ali Jaber Alhagawy, Amer Al Ali, Shakir Bakkari, Morghma Adawi, Maram Saleh, Sayidah Zaylaee, Rashad Aref, Khaled Tahash, Ebrahim Haddad, Amnah Hakami, Mohammed Hobani, Ibrahem Abutaleb
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Medicina
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/1940
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author Mohammed Hakami
Saeed Yafei
Abdulrahman Hummadi
Raed Abutaleb
Abdullah Khawaji
Yahia Solan
Turki Aljohani
Ali Jaber Alhagawy
Amer Al Ali
Shakir Bakkari
Morghma Adawi
Maram Saleh
Sayidah Zaylaee
Rashad Aref
Khaled Tahash
Ebrahim Haddad
Amnah Hakami
Mohammed Hobani
Ibrahem Abutaleb
author_facet Mohammed Hakami
Saeed Yafei
Abdulrahman Hummadi
Raed Abutaleb
Abdullah Khawaji
Yahia Solan
Turki Aljohani
Ali Jaber Alhagawy
Amer Al Ali
Shakir Bakkari
Morghma Adawi
Maram Saleh
Sayidah Zaylaee
Rashad Aref
Khaled Tahash
Ebrahim Haddad
Amnah Hakami
Mohammed Hobani
Ibrahem Abutaleb
author_sort Mohammed Hakami
collection DOAJ
description <i>Background and Objectives</i>: The link between celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been well-documented in the medical literature and is thought to be due to a shared genetic predisposition in addition to environmental triggers. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and biopsy-proven CD (PBCD) prevalence in individuals with T1D from Saudi Arabia and identify their clinical characteristics and the impact on glycemic control. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A total of 969 children and adolescents with confirmed T1D were investigated. Prospective and retrospective data were collected to include clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical data. Total IgA and anti-TTG-IgA antibodies were screened to detect seropositive cases. Upper intestinal endoscopy and biopsy were performed to find BPCD. <i>Results</i>: The seroprevalence of CD was 14.6% (141/969), while BPCD prevalence was 7.5%. Females had a higher prevalence than males: 17.8% vs. 9.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001. The CD group had lower HbA1c and more frequent hypoglycemia than the seronegative group. <i>Conclusions</i>: This study highlighted the high prevalence of CD in T1D Saudi patients. CD has multiple effects on glycemic control, growth, and puberty in children and adolescents with T1D. We emphasize the importance of early screening for CD at the time of diabetes diagnosis and periodically after that or if any atypical features present, especially anemia, growth delay, underweight, or frequent hypoglycemia.
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spelling doaj-art-2c97fa7a7d214354aa76e6eeaa6ae50c2024-12-27T14:38:35ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-11-016012194010.3390/medicina60121940Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi ArabiaMohammed Hakami0Saeed Yafei1Abdulrahman Hummadi2Raed Abutaleb3Abdullah Khawaji4Yahia Solan5Turki Aljohani6Ali Jaber Alhagawy7Amer Al Ali8Shakir Bakkari9Morghma Adawi10Maram Saleh11Sayidah Zaylaee12Rashad Aref13Khaled Tahash14Ebrahim Haddad15Amnah Hakami16Mohammed Hobani17Ibrahem Abutaleb18Adult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaPediatric Endocrinology, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaGastroenterology Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaPediatric Endocrinology, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaPediatric Endocrinology, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaAdult Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Jazan Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi ArabiaNursing Department, Ministry of Health, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The link between celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been well-documented in the medical literature and is thought to be due to a shared genetic predisposition in addition to environmental triggers. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and biopsy-proven CD (PBCD) prevalence in individuals with T1D from Saudi Arabia and identify their clinical characteristics and the impact on glycemic control. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A total of 969 children and adolescents with confirmed T1D were investigated. Prospective and retrospective data were collected to include clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical data. Total IgA and anti-TTG-IgA antibodies were screened to detect seropositive cases. Upper intestinal endoscopy and biopsy were performed to find BPCD. <i>Results</i>: The seroprevalence of CD was 14.6% (141/969), while BPCD prevalence was 7.5%. Females had a higher prevalence than males: 17.8% vs. 9.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001. The CD group had lower HbA1c and more frequent hypoglycemia than the seronegative group. <i>Conclusions</i>: This study highlighted the high prevalence of CD in T1D Saudi patients. CD has multiple effects on glycemic control, growth, and puberty in children and adolescents with T1D. We emphasize the importance of early screening for CD at the time of diabetes diagnosis and periodically after that or if any atypical features present, especially anemia, growth delay, underweight, or frequent hypoglycemia.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/1940celiac diseasegluten enteropathytype 1 diabetesSaudi Arabia
spellingShingle Mohammed Hakami
Saeed Yafei
Abdulrahman Hummadi
Raed Abutaleb
Abdullah Khawaji
Yahia Solan
Turki Aljohani
Ali Jaber Alhagawy
Amer Al Ali
Shakir Bakkari
Morghma Adawi
Maram Saleh
Sayidah Zaylaee
Rashad Aref
Khaled Tahash
Ebrahim Haddad
Amnah Hakami
Mohammed Hobani
Ibrahem Abutaleb
Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
Medicina
celiac disease
gluten enteropathy
type 1 diabetes
Saudi Arabia
title Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
title_full Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
title_short Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Large Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes from Saudi Arabia
title_sort clinical characteristics and prevalence of celiac disease in a large cohort of type 1 diabetes from saudi arabia
topic celiac disease
gluten enteropathy
type 1 diabetes
Saudi Arabia
url https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/12/1940
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