Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks
During the operation of liquid-phase He-4 (LHe-4) storage tanks, heat leakage changes the thermophysical parameters and phase properties of the LHe-4 in the tanks, resulting in the thermal layering phenomenon. This phenomenon is characterized by the LHe-4 temperature gradient and pressure increase (...
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| author | Jing Xu Fa’an Liu Jianguo Zhang Chao Li Qinghua Liu Changjun Li Wenlong Jia Shixiong Fu Longjiang Li |
| author_facet | Jing Xu Fa’an Liu Jianguo Zhang Chao Li Qinghua Liu Changjun Li Wenlong Jia Shixiong Fu Longjiang Li |
| author_sort | Jing Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the operation of liquid-phase He-4 (LHe-4) storage tanks, heat leakage changes the thermophysical parameters and phase properties of the LHe-4 in the tanks, resulting in the thermal layering phenomenon. This phenomenon is characterized by the LHe-4 temperature gradient and pressure increase (self-pressurization) phenomena in the tanks. Based on the Layer-by-Layer model, a heat transfer model of a composite adiabatic structure with multilayer insulation and liquid nitrogen screen (LNCS) insulation was established, and the Neumann boundary heat flux of the thermal response model was determined. A numerical simulation model of the thermal response of a liquid helium storage tank was established. The spatial and temporal evolutions of the pressure distribution, natural convection characteristics, thermal stratification characteristics, and self-pressurization characteristics of the LHe-4 tank were investigated. Finally, the self-pressurization thermodynamic model of the LHe-4 storage tank was built based on the isothermal saturation and homogeneous model. It is shown that the predictive performance of the mLee model for the self-boosting characteristics (relative deviation of 14.32%) was significantly improved compared with that of the Lee model (relative deviation of 39.64%). The thermal stratification degree (TSD) of the tank increased with the operation time, with TSDs of 1.023, 1.028, and 1.036 at 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, which exacerbated the self-pressurization of the tank. The wall surface in contact with the phase interface is a strong evaporation point, so the interfacial mass transfer rate maps show a pattern of high at both ends and low in the middle. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2c49b4acdf6c40d4bb8ea7cd7a13df06 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-2c49b4acdf6c40d4bb8ea7cd7a13df062024-12-27T14:23:15ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-12-011724625410.3390/en17246254Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage TanksJing Xu0Fa’an Liu1Jianguo Zhang2Chao Li3Qinghua Liu4Changjun Li5Wenlong Jia6Shixiong Fu7Longjiang Li8China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. North China Company, Renqiu 062552, ChinaChina Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. North China Company, Renqiu 062552, ChinaChina Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. North China Company, Renqiu 062552, ChinaChina Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. North China Company, Renqiu 062552, ChinaChina Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corp. North China Company, Renqiu 062552, ChinaSchool of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, ChinaSchool of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, ChinaSchool of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, ChinaSchool of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, ChinaDuring the operation of liquid-phase He-4 (LHe-4) storage tanks, heat leakage changes the thermophysical parameters and phase properties of the LHe-4 in the tanks, resulting in the thermal layering phenomenon. This phenomenon is characterized by the LHe-4 temperature gradient and pressure increase (self-pressurization) phenomena in the tanks. Based on the Layer-by-Layer model, a heat transfer model of a composite adiabatic structure with multilayer insulation and liquid nitrogen screen (LNCS) insulation was established, and the Neumann boundary heat flux of the thermal response model was determined. A numerical simulation model of the thermal response of a liquid helium storage tank was established. The spatial and temporal evolutions of the pressure distribution, natural convection characteristics, thermal stratification characteristics, and self-pressurization characteristics of the LHe-4 tank were investigated. Finally, the self-pressurization thermodynamic model of the LHe-4 storage tank was built based on the isothermal saturation and homogeneous model. It is shown that the predictive performance of the mLee model for the self-boosting characteristics (relative deviation of 14.32%) was significantly improved compared with that of the Lee model (relative deviation of 39.64%). The thermal stratification degree (TSD) of the tank increased with the operation time, with TSDs of 1.023, 1.028, and 1.036 at 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, which exacerbated the self-pressurization of the tank. The wall surface in contact with the phase interface is a strong evaporation point, so the interfacial mass transfer rate maps show a pattern of high at both ends and low in the middle.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6254helium-4storage tankheat leakagethermal stratificationself-pressurizationnumerical study |
| spellingShingle | Jing Xu Fa’an Liu Jianguo Zhang Chao Li Qinghua Liu Changjun Li Wenlong Jia Shixiong Fu Longjiang Li Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks Energies helium-4 storage tank heat leakage thermal stratification self-pressurization numerical study |
| title | Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks |
| title_full | Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks |
| title_fullStr | Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks |
| title_short | Numerical Study on Heat Leakage, Thermal Stratification, and Self-Pressurization Characteristics in Liquid Helium Storage Tanks |
| title_sort | numerical study on heat leakage thermal stratification and self pressurization characteristics in liquid helium storage tanks |
| topic | helium-4 storage tank heat leakage thermal stratification self-pressurization numerical study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/24/6254 |
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