Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers
Abstract Liquid-phase exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanosheets were developed as efficient and scalable hole transport layers (HTLs) for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Few-layer WS₂ and MoS₂ were successfully exfoliated via ultrasonication and incorporated...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Discover Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00270-2 |
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| author | Marinos Tountas Katerina Anagnostou Christos Polyzoidis Evangelos Sotiropoulos Emmanuel Kymakis |
| author_facet | Marinos Tountas Katerina Anagnostou Christos Polyzoidis Evangelos Sotiropoulos Emmanuel Kymakis |
| author_sort | Marinos Tountas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Liquid-phase exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanosheets were developed as efficient and scalable hole transport layers (HTLs) for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Few-layer WS₂ and MoS₂ were successfully exfoliated via ultrasonication and incorporated into OPVs using spray-deposition. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the high purity and nanoscale integrity of the exfoliated materials. OPVs with WS₂ and MoS₂ HTLs achieved superior performance under both standard AM 1.5G and indoor (LED 1000 lx) illumination. WS₂-based devices demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 15.6% (AM 1.5G) and 31.6% (LED 1000 lx), while MoS₂-based devices reached 15.1% and 29.7%, respectively, outperforming PEDOT:PSS-based devices (14.9% and 24.9%). These improvements were linked to enhanced charge transport and reduced recombination losses enabled by the TMD-based HTLs. Stability testing showed that MoS₂-based devices retained 85% of their initial PCE after 1000 h under ambient conditions, compared to 80% for WS₂ and 55% for PEDOT:PSS. AFM analysis revealed that TMD HTLs created smoother active layer surfaces, reducing recombination sites and boosting efficiency. This work highlights the potential of WS₂ and MoS₂ as high-performance, stable, and scalable HTLs, offering significant advantages over PEDOT:PSS for both outdoor and indoor OPV applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2bcdc7cdbb6c4dc5b8cadf109e73d7ca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-7727 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-2bcdc7cdbb6c4dc5b8cadf109e73d7ca2025-08-20T03:54:11ZengSpringerDiscover Materials2730-77272025-05-015111510.1007/s43939-025-00270-2Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layersMarinos Tountas0Katerina Anagnostou1Christos Polyzoidis2Evangelos Sotiropoulos3Emmanuel Kymakis4Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU)Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU)Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU)Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU)Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU)Abstract Liquid-phase exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanosheets were developed as efficient and scalable hole transport layers (HTLs) for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Few-layer WS₂ and MoS₂ were successfully exfoliated via ultrasonication and incorporated into OPVs using spray-deposition. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the high purity and nanoscale integrity of the exfoliated materials. OPVs with WS₂ and MoS₂ HTLs achieved superior performance under both standard AM 1.5G and indoor (LED 1000 lx) illumination. WS₂-based devices demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 15.6% (AM 1.5G) and 31.6% (LED 1000 lx), while MoS₂-based devices reached 15.1% and 29.7%, respectively, outperforming PEDOT:PSS-based devices (14.9% and 24.9%). These improvements were linked to enhanced charge transport and reduced recombination losses enabled by the TMD-based HTLs. Stability testing showed that MoS₂-based devices retained 85% of their initial PCE after 1000 h under ambient conditions, compared to 80% for WS₂ and 55% for PEDOT:PSS. AFM analysis revealed that TMD HTLs created smoother active layer surfaces, reducing recombination sites and boosting efficiency. This work highlights the potential of WS₂ and MoS₂ as high-performance, stable, and scalable HTLs, offering significant advantages over PEDOT:PSS for both outdoor and indoor OPV applications.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00270-2Organic solar cellsIndoor organic photovoltaicsTransition metal dichalcogenides |
| spellingShingle | Marinos Tountas Katerina Anagnostou Christos Polyzoidis Evangelos Sotiropoulos Emmanuel Kymakis Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers Discover Materials Organic solar cells Indoor organic photovoltaics Transition metal dichalcogenides |
| title | Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers |
| title_full | Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers |
| title_short | Enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray-deposited, liquid-processable MoS₂ and WS₂ hole transport layers |
| title_sort | enhanced efficiency and stability in indoor organic photovoltaics with spray deposited liquid processable mos₂ and ws₂ hole transport layers |
| topic | Organic solar cells Indoor organic photovoltaics Transition metal dichalcogenides |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00270-2 |
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