The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis
Mesquite (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.), a highly nutritious legume from arid regions characterized by its secondary metabolites, offers a cost-effective resource to provide energy and protein for small ruminant farmers in harsh environments. In addition, the high concentrations of secondary met...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Fermentation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/10/12/625 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846104695464001536 |
|---|---|
| author | Juan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez Ever del Jesús Flores Santiago Eduardo Cardoso-Gutiérrez Sara S. Valencia-Salazar Oscar Enrique del Razo Rodriguez Erwin A. Paz Juan C. Ku-Vera Ermias Kebreab Mohammed Benaouda Ángel Garduño García |
| author_facet | Juan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez Ever del Jesús Flores Santiago Eduardo Cardoso-Gutiérrez Sara S. Valencia-Salazar Oscar Enrique del Razo Rodriguez Erwin A. Paz Juan C. Ku-Vera Ermias Kebreab Mohammed Benaouda Ángel Garduño García |
| author_sort | Juan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesquite (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.), a highly nutritious legume from arid regions characterized by its secondary metabolites, offers a cost-effective resource to provide energy and protein for small ruminant farmers in harsh environments. In addition, the high concentrations of secondary metabolites found in mesquite pods could be an option to mitigate methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct an analytical review to assess the impact of adding mesquite pods on small ruminant productivity and enteric CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. A comprehensive and structured search of scientific articles resulted in a database of 38 trials. The response variables were evaluated through raw mean differences (RMDs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs), followed by a meta-regression, used to investigate the heterogeneity of the explanatory variables. Supplementation with mesquite pods significantly increased the dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR), with sheep showing the highest effect. The meta-regression demonstrated that the mesquite pod effect was influenced mainly by the species, level of incorporation and processing of the pods. Studies employing in silico CH<sub>4</sub> estimation reported increased emissions when the diets included mesquite pods. In contrast, in vivo studies demonstrated promising results, showing a significant reduction in CH<sub>4</sub> emissions when mesquite pods were included in small ruminant diets. Therefore, future research should focus on evaluating mesquite pod supplementation using precise methods to assess CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29c8f8feba2a451f83a8b7ceae4b33c7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj-art-29c8f8feba2a451f83a8b7ceae4b33c72024-12-27T14:25:27ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372024-12-01101262510.3390/fermentation10120625The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-AnalysisJuan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez0Ever del Jesús Flores Santiago1Eduardo Cardoso-Gutiérrez2Sara S. Valencia-Salazar3Oscar Enrique del Razo Rodriguez4Erwin A. Paz5Juan C. Ku-Vera6Ermias Kebreab7Mohammed Benaouda8Ángel Garduño García9Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Rumiantes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, MexicoUnidad Regional Universitaria Sursureste—Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 7.5 Carretera Teapa Vicente Guerrero, Teapa 86807, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo 43688, MexicoThe Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Apartado Aereo 6713, Cali 763537, ColombiaInstituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo 43688, MexicoUWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, AustraliaLaboratory of Climate Change and Livestock Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Yucatan, Merida 97000, MexicoDepartment of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USAL’Institut Agro Dijon, 26 bd Docteur Petitjean, 21079 Dijon, FranceDepartamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Carr. Mexico—Texcoco Km. 38.5, Chapingo 56230, MexicoMesquite (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.), a highly nutritious legume from arid regions characterized by its secondary metabolites, offers a cost-effective resource to provide energy and protein for small ruminant farmers in harsh environments. In addition, the high concentrations of secondary metabolites found in mesquite pods could be an option to mitigate methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct an analytical review to assess the impact of adding mesquite pods on small ruminant productivity and enteric CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. A comprehensive and structured search of scientific articles resulted in a database of 38 trials. The response variables were evaluated through raw mean differences (RMDs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs), followed by a meta-regression, used to investigate the heterogeneity of the explanatory variables. Supplementation with mesquite pods significantly increased the dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR), with sheep showing the highest effect. The meta-regression demonstrated that the mesquite pod effect was influenced mainly by the species, level of incorporation and processing of the pods. Studies employing in silico CH<sub>4</sub> estimation reported increased emissions when the diets included mesquite pods. In contrast, in vivo studies demonstrated promising results, showing a significant reduction in CH<sub>4</sub> emissions when mesquite pods were included in small ruminant diets. Therefore, future research should focus on evaluating mesquite pod supplementation using precise methods to assess CH<sub>4</sub> emissions.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/10/12/625digestibilityintakegoatsheep<i>Prosopis</i> |
| spellingShingle | Juan Carlos Angeles-Hernandez Ever del Jesús Flores Santiago Eduardo Cardoso-Gutiérrez Sara S. Valencia-Salazar Oscar Enrique del Razo Rodriguez Erwin A. Paz Juan C. Ku-Vera Ermias Kebreab Mohammed Benaouda Ángel Garduño García The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis Fermentation digestibility intake goat sheep <i>Prosopis</i> |
| title | The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | The Use of Mesquite Pods (<i>Prosopis</i> spp.) as an Alternative to Improve the Productive Performance and Methane Mitigation in Small Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | use of mesquite pods i prosopis i spp as an alternative to improve the productive performance and methane mitigation in small ruminants a meta analysis |
| topic | digestibility intake goat sheep <i>Prosopis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/10/12/625 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juancarlosangeleshernandez theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT everdeljesusfloressantiago theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT eduardocardosogutierrez theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT sarasvalenciasalazar theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT oscarenriquedelrazorodriguez theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT erwinapaz theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT juanckuvera theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT ermiaskebreab theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT mohammedbenaouda theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT angelgardunogarcia theuseofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT juancarlosangeleshernandez useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT everdeljesusfloressantiago useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT eduardocardosogutierrez useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT sarasvalenciasalazar useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT oscarenriquedelrazorodriguez useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT erwinapaz useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT juanckuvera useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT ermiaskebreab useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT mohammedbenaouda useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis AT angelgardunogarcia useofmesquitepodsiprosopisisppasanalternativetoimprovetheproductiveperformanceandmethanemitigationinsmallruminantsametaanalysis |