Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework

Abstract Background According to the WHO report and evaluations, Iran has a moderate prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The present study evaluates Iran’s IDA prevention and control policies by analysing the agenda-setting policy using the multiple streams framework (MSF). Methods The pres...

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Main Authors: Azadeh Dehghani, Maryam Rafraf, Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq, Negar Tavakoli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:Health Research Policy and Systems
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01265-w
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author Azadeh Dehghani
Maryam Rafraf
Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq
Negar Tavakoli
author_facet Azadeh Dehghani
Maryam Rafraf
Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq
Negar Tavakoli
author_sort Azadeh Dehghani
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background According to the WHO report and evaluations, Iran has a moderate prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The present study evaluates Iran’s IDA prevention and control policies by analysing the agenda-setting policy using the multiple streams framework (MSF). Methods The present study used Kingdon’s MSF model to analyse policies related to IDA in Iran qualitatively. First, the policy documents were reviewed (n = 12), and then in-depth interviews were conducted with key stakeholders (n = 33) using the framework analysis method. MAXQDA version 2020 was used to categorize the data codes of the interviews and extract related themes. Results The main factors of the problem stream were the prevalence of IDA among Iranian pregnant women, children and adolescents and its risk factors in Iran. The policy stream focuses on mounting the staff in health centres, preventing non-communicable diseases and parasites in the health system, and promoting health programs, such as supplementation, education and fortification. The current political stream regarding IDA shows that national and international support can provide the right political atmosphere for this issue. There are challenges and obstacles related to implementing these policies in Iran, including the preference for treatment over prevention in the health sector, the existence of many economic problems and the limitation of distribution and access to health services owing to some unforeseen issues, such as sanctions or the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Conclusions The topic of IDA prevention policymaking has entered a new phase. Responsible organizations, such as the Ministry of Health, should emphasize more in allocating budgets for preventive programs, and key organizations, such as the WHO, should support low- and middle-income countries to empower them towards important preventive strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-299c65b07a024d00bbe94dd6caee8b402024-12-22T12:55:57ZengBMCHealth Research Policy and Systems1478-45052024-12-0122111410.1186/s12961-024-01265-wAgenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams frameworkAzadeh Dehghani0Maryam Rafraf1Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi2Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq3Negar Tavakoli4Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesNutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesResearch Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background According to the WHO report and evaluations, Iran has a moderate prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The present study evaluates Iran’s IDA prevention and control policies by analysing the agenda-setting policy using the multiple streams framework (MSF). Methods The present study used Kingdon’s MSF model to analyse policies related to IDA in Iran qualitatively. First, the policy documents were reviewed (n = 12), and then in-depth interviews were conducted with key stakeholders (n = 33) using the framework analysis method. MAXQDA version 2020 was used to categorize the data codes of the interviews and extract related themes. Results The main factors of the problem stream were the prevalence of IDA among Iranian pregnant women, children and adolescents and its risk factors in Iran. The policy stream focuses on mounting the staff in health centres, preventing non-communicable diseases and parasites in the health system, and promoting health programs, such as supplementation, education and fortification. The current political stream regarding IDA shows that national and international support can provide the right political atmosphere for this issue. There are challenges and obstacles related to implementing these policies in Iran, including the preference for treatment over prevention in the health sector, the existence of many economic problems and the limitation of distribution and access to health services owing to some unforeseen issues, such as sanctions or the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Conclusions The topic of IDA prevention policymaking has entered a new phase. Responsible organizations, such as the Ministry of Health, should emphasize more in allocating budgets for preventive programs, and key organizations, such as the WHO, should support low- and middle-income countries to empower them towards important preventive strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01265-wIronIron deficiency anaemiaAgenda settingKingdon’s multiple streamsPolicy
spellingShingle Azadeh Dehghani
Maryam Rafraf
Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq
Negar Tavakoli
Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
Health Research Policy and Systems
Iron
Iron deficiency anaemia
Agenda setting
Kingdon’s multiple streams
Policy
title Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
title_full Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
title_fullStr Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
title_full_unstemmed Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
title_short Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework
title_sort agenda setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in iran by multiple streams framework
topic Iron
Iron deficiency anaemia
Agenda setting
Kingdon’s multiple streams
Policy
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01265-w
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