Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients
Objective: Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Peripheral levels of various inflammatory cytokines are altered during AD pathogenesis. This study aimed to examine the role of peripheral inflammation in AD pathogenesis by measuring serum levels and gene ex...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Galenos Publishing House
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Turkish Journal of Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-76598 |
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| author | Gamze Güven Pınar Köseoğlu Ebba Lohmann Bedia Samancı Erdi Şahin Başar Bilgiç Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası Hakan Gürvit Nihan Erginel-Ünaltuna |
| author_facet | Gamze Güven Pınar Köseoğlu Ebba Lohmann Bedia Samancı Erdi Şahin Başar Bilgiç Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası Hakan Gürvit Nihan Erginel-Ünaltuna |
| author_sort | Gamze Güven |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Peripheral levels of various inflammatory cytokines are altered during AD pathogenesis. This study aimed to examine the role of peripheral inflammation in AD pathogenesis by measuring serum levels and gene expression of specific inflammatory cytokines in AD patients. Therefore, we analyzed serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels and mRNA expressions of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AD patients and controls.
Materials and Methods: We quantitatively assessed serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels in 25 AD patients and 33 age-matched controls using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we evaluated the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 31 AD patients and their respective controls (n=30) via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: AD patients tended to have higher serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels compared to the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in AD patients compared to the controls (p=0.000 and p=0.004; respectively). Serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels were negatively correlated with age in AD patients (p=0.025, r=-0.467 and p=0.035, r=-0.431; respectively).
Conclusion: The outcomes of this study suggest a disruption in the peripheral immune response in individuals with AD. The observed decreased expression of cytokine genes in peripheral leukocytes may indicate a contributory mechanism through which peripheral cytokines influence AD pathogenesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28fc46524d7a49feb29e1f9735dcce5c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1301-109X 2147-8325 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Galenos Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Turkish Journal of Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-28fc46524d7a49feb29e1f9735dcce5c2025-01-17T08:31:19ZengGalenos Publishing HouseTurkish Journal of Immunology1301-109X2147-83252024-04-01121283410.4274/tji.galenos.2024.76598TJI-76598Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease PatientsGamze Güven0Pınar Köseoğlu1Ebba Lohmann2Bedia Samancı3Erdi Şahin4Başar Bilgiç5Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası6Hakan Gürvit7Nihan Erginel-Ünaltuna8İstanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Turkeyİstanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Germany; Dzne, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, GermanyBehavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, TurkeyBehavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, TurkeyBehavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, TurkeyBehavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, TurkeyBehavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkeyİstanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, TurkeyObjective: Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Peripheral levels of various inflammatory cytokines are altered during AD pathogenesis. This study aimed to examine the role of peripheral inflammation in AD pathogenesis by measuring serum levels and gene expression of specific inflammatory cytokines in AD patients. Therefore, we analyzed serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels and mRNA expressions of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AD patients and controls. Materials and Methods: We quantitatively assessed serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels in 25 AD patients and 33 age-matched controls using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we evaluated the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 31 AD patients and their respective controls (n=30) via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: AD patients tended to have higher serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels compared to the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in AD patients compared to the controls (p=0.000 and p=0.004; respectively). Serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels were negatively correlated with age in AD patients (p=0.025, r=-0.467 and p=0.035, r=-0.431; respectively). Conclusion: The outcomes of this study suggest a disruption in the peripheral immune response in individuals with AD. The observed decreased expression of cytokine genes in peripheral leukocytes may indicate a contributory mechanism through which peripheral cytokines influence AD pathogenesis.https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-76598alzheimer's diseasecytokineinflammationperipheral blood cellsserum |
| spellingShingle | Gamze Güven Pınar Köseoğlu Ebba Lohmann Bedia Samancı Erdi Şahin Başar Bilgiç Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası Hakan Gürvit Nihan Erginel-Ünaltuna Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Turkish Journal of Immunology alzheimer's disease cytokine inflammation peripheral blood cells serum |
| title | Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients |
| title_full | Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients |
| title_fullStr | Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients |
| title_short | Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients |
| title_sort | peripheral expression of il 6 tnf 945 and tgf 946 1 in alzheimer s disease patients |
| topic | alzheimer's disease cytokine inflammation peripheral blood cells serum |
| url | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-76598 |
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