A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth

Background Immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy has shown survival benefits for some patients with cancer. Nevertheless, many individuals remain refractory or acquire resistance to treatment, motivating the exploration of complementary immunotherapies. Accordingly, cancer vaccines offer an attrac...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: María Alejandra Gleisner, Cristián Pereda, Andrés Tittarelli, Mariela Navarrete, Camila Fuentes, Ignacio Ávalos, Fabian Tempio, Juan Pablo Araya, María Inés Becker, Fermín Eduardo González, Mercedes Natalia López, Flavio Salazar-Onfray
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-10-01
Series:Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
Online Access:https://jitc.bmj.com/content/8/2/e000999.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849221780306132992
author María Alejandra Gleisner
Cristián Pereda
Andrés Tittarelli
Mariela Navarrete
Camila Fuentes
Ignacio Ávalos
Fabian Tempio
Juan Pablo Araya
María Inés Becker
Fermín Eduardo González
Mercedes Natalia López
Flavio Salazar-Onfray
author_facet María Alejandra Gleisner
Cristián Pereda
Andrés Tittarelli
Mariela Navarrete
Camila Fuentes
Ignacio Ávalos
Fabian Tempio
Juan Pablo Araya
María Inés Becker
Fermín Eduardo González
Mercedes Natalia López
Flavio Salazar-Onfray
author_sort María Alejandra Gleisner
collection DOAJ
description Background Immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy has shown survival benefits for some patients with cancer. Nevertheless, many individuals remain refractory or acquire resistance to treatment, motivating the exploration of complementary immunotherapies. Accordingly, cancer vaccines offer an attractive alternative. Optimal delivery of multiple tumor-associated antigens combined with potent adjuvants seems to be crucial for vaccine effectiveness.Methods Here, a prototype for a generic melanoma vaccine, named TRIMELVax, was tested using B16F10 mouse melanoma model. This vaccine is made of heat shock-treated tumor cell lysates combined with the Concholepas concholepas hemocyanin as adjuvant.Results While B16F10 lysate provides appropriate melanoma-associated antigens, both a generic human melanoma cell lysate and hemocyanin adjuvant contributes with danger signals promoting conventional dendritic type 1 cells (cDC1), activation, phagocytosis and effective antigen cross-presentation. TRIMELVax inhibited tumor growth and increased mice survival, inducing cellular and humoral immune responses. Furthermore, this vaccine generated an increased frequency of intratumor cDC1s but not conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2s). Augmented infiltration of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was also observed, compared with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monotherapy, while TRIMELVax/anti-PD-1 combination generated higher tumor infiltration of CD4+ T cells. Moreover, TRIMELVax promoted an augmented proportion of PD-1lo CD8+ T cells in tumors, a phenotype associated with prototypic effector cells required for tumor growth control, preventing dysfunctional T-cell accumulation.Conclusions The therapeutic vaccine TRIMELVax efficiently controls the weakly immunogenic and aggressive B16F10 melanoma tumor growth, prolonging tumor-bearing mice survival even in the absence of ICB. The strong immunogenicity shown by TRIMELVax encourages clinical studies in patients with melanoma.
format Article
id doaj-art-28c908f8ce38455c8c9cfa54e97678c0
institution Kabale University
issn 2051-1426
language English
publishDate 2020-10-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
spelling doaj-art-28c908f8ce38455c8c9cfa54e97678c02024-11-10T13:40:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupJournal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer2051-14262020-10-018210.1136/jitc-2020-000999A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growthMaría Alejandra Gleisner0Cristián Pereda1Andrés Tittarelli2Mariela Navarrete3Camila Fuentes4Ignacio Ávalos5Fabian Tempio6Juan Pablo Araya7María Inés Becker8Fermín Eduardo González9Mercedes Natalia López10Flavio Salazar-Onfray112 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile2 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile2 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile4 Fundación Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (FUCITED), Avenida Eduardo Castillo Velasco 2902, Santiago, Chile2 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile1 Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileBackground Immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy has shown survival benefits for some patients with cancer. Nevertheless, many individuals remain refractory or acquire resistance to treatment, motivating the exploration of complementary immunotherapies. Accordingly, cancer vaccines offer an attractive alternative. Optimal delivery of multiple tumor-associated antigens combined with potent adjuvants seems to be crucial for vaccine effectiveness.Methods Here, a prototype for a generic melanoma vaccine, named TRIMELVax, was tested using B16F10 mouse melanoma model. This vaccine is made of heat shock-treated tumor cell lysates combined with the Concholepas concholepas hemocyanin as adjuvant.Results While B16F10 lysate provides appropriate melanoma-associated antigens, both a generic human melanoma cell lysate and hemocyanin adjuvant contributes with danger signals promoting conventional dendritic type 1 cells (cDC1), activation, phagocytosis and effective antigen cross-presentation. TRIMELVax inhibited tumor growth and increased mice survival, inducing cellular and humoral immune responses. Furthermore, this vaccine generated an increased frequency of intratumor cDC1s but not conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2s). Augmented infiltration of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was also observed, compared with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monotherapy, while TRIMELVax/anti-PD-1 combination generated higher tumor infiltration of CD4+ T cells. Moreover, TRIMELVax promoted an augmented proportion of PD-1lo CD8+ T cells in tumors, a phenotype associated with prototypic effector cells required for tumor growth control, preventing dysfunctional T-cell accumulation.Conclusions The therapeutic vaccine TRIMELVax efficiently controls the weakly immunogenic and aggressive B16F10 melanoma tumor growth, prolonging tumor-bearing mice survival even in the absence of ICB. The strong immunogenicity shown by TRIMELVax encourages clinical studies in patients with melanoma.https://jitc.bmj.com/content/8/2/e000999.full
spellingShingle María Alejandra Gleisner
Cristián Pereda
Andrés Tittarelli
Mariela Navarrete
Camila Fuentes
Ignacio Ávalos
Fabian Tempio
Juan Pablo Araya
María Inés Becker
Fermín Eduardo González
Mercedes Natalia López
Flavio Salazar-Onfray
A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
title A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
title_full A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
title_fullStr A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
title_full_unstemmed A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
title_short A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
title_sort heat shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector t cells inhibiting tumor growth
url https://jitc.bmj.com/content/8/2/e000999.full
work_keys_str_mv AT mariaalejandragleisner aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT cristianpereda aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT andrestittarelli aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT marielanavarrete aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT camilafuentes aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT ignacioavalos aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT fabiantempio aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT juanpabloaraya aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT mariainesbecker aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT fermineduardogonzalez aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT mercedesnatalialopez aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT flaviosalazaronfray aheatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT mariaalejandragleisner heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT cristianpereda heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT andrestittarelli heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT marielanavarrete heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT camilafuentes heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT ignacioavalos heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT fabiantempio heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT juanpabloaraya heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT mariainesbecker heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT fermineduardogonzalez heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT mercedesnatalialopez heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth
AT flaviosalazaronfray heatshockedmelanomacelllysatevaccineenhancestumorinfiltrationbyprototypiceffectortcellsinhibitingtumorgrowth