Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis
Picea neoveitchii Mast. is a rare and threatened species of evergreen coniferous tree in China, commonly facing issues such as damaged seeds, abnormal seed growth, and empty seed shells. These abnormalities vary by location; unfortunately, the reasons behind these inconsistencies are completely unkn...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1495784/full |
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| author | Kaiyuan Li Jiayi Lin Rong Fan Sibo Chen Zhilin Ma Wenli Ji |
| author_facet | Kaiyuan Li Jiayi Lin Rong Fan Sibo Chen Zhilin Ma Wenli Ji |
| author_sort | Kaiyuan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Picea neoveitchii Mast. is a rare and threatened species of evergreen coniferous tree in China, commonly facing issues such as damaged seeds, abnormal seed growth, and empty seed shells. These abnormalities vary by location; unfortunately, the reasons behind these inconsistencies are completely unknown. This study compared seeds from two 150-year-old trees located in Taibai (Shaanxi province, TB150) and Zhouqu (Gansu province, ZQ150). The results showed significant differences in 43 metabolites and hormone levels, with higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and brassinosteroid (BR) in ZQ150, which were associated with more viable seeds. In contrast, TB150 exhibited more damaged seeds and empty seed shells due to higher abscisic acid (ABA) levels. Moreover, to further investigate these inconsistencies, we performed de-novo transcriptomic assembly and functional annotation of unigenes using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 2,355 differentially expressed unigenes were identified between TB150 and ZQ150, with 1,280 upregulated and 1,075 downregulated. Hormone signaling and sugar metabolism-related unigenes were further examined for their role in seed development. ZQ150 increased the number of normal seeds by enhancing endogenous IAA levels and upregulating auxin signaling and sugar metabolism-related genes. Conversely, TB150 showed more empty seed shells, correlated with elevated ABA levels and the activation of ABA signaling genes. We hypothesize that enhanced IAA levels and the upregulation of sugar metabolism and auxin signaling genes promote normal seed development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28adfebaf820449e84ea996e03e3d8f6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-28adfebaf820449e84ea996e03e3d8f62024-12-10T09:15:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2024-12-011510.3389/fpls.2024.14957841495784Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysisKaiyuan Li0Jiayi Lin1Rong Fan2Sibo Chen3Zhilin Ma4Wenli Ji5College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaInstitute of Wetland and Grassland Conservation, Shaanxi Academy of Forestry, Xian, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ChinaPicea neoveitchii Mast. is a rare and threatened species of evergreen coniferous tree in China, commonly facing issues such as damaged seeds, abnormal seed growth, and empty seed shells. These abnormalities vary by location; unfortunately, the reasons behind these inconsistencies are completely unknown. This study compared seeds from two 150-year-old trees located in Taibai (Shaanxi province, TB150) and Zhouqu (Gansu province, ZQ150). The results showed significant differences in 43 metabolites and hormone levels, with higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and brassinosteroid (BR) in ZQ150, which were associated with more viable seeds. In contrast, TB150 exhibited more damaged seeds and empty seed shells due to higher abscisic acid (ABA) levels. Moreover, to further investigate these inconsistencies, we performed de-novo transcriptomic assembly and functional annotation of unigenes using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 2,355 differentially expressed unigenes were identified between TB150 and ZQ150, with 1,280 upregulated and 1,075 downregulated. Hormone signaling and sugar metabolism-related unigenes were further examined for their role in seed development. ZQ150 increased the number of normal seeds by enhancing endogenous IAA levels and upregulating auxin signaling and sugar metabolism-related genes. Conversely, TB150 showed more empty seed shells, correlated with elevated ABA levels and the activation of ABA signaling genes. We hypothesize that enhanced IAA levels and the upregulation of sugar metabolism and auxin signaling genes promote normal seed development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1495784/fullconiferempty seed shellendogenous hormonessugarwidely metabolomictranscriptomic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Kaiyuan Li Jiayi Lin Rong Fan Sibo Chen Zhilin Ma Wenli Ji Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis Frontiers in Plant Science conifer empty seed shell endogenous hormones sugar widely metabolomic transcriptomic analysis |
| title | Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| title_full | Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| title_fullStr | Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| title_short | Unraveling site-specific seed formation abnormalities in Picea neoveitchii Mast. trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| title_sort | unraveling site specific seed formation abnormalities in picea neoveitchii mast trees via widely metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis |
| topic | conifer empty seed shell endogenous hormones sugar widely metabolomic transcriptomic analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1495784/full |
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