Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae)
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study evaluates the effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) ions on the production of anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolites by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp., isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i>. The objective was to identify metal-i...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/17/12/1678 |
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| author | Anne Karoline Maiorana Santos Bianca Araújo dos Santos Josivan Regis Farias Sebastião Vieira de Morais Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra Edson Rodrigues-Filho Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes Antônio José Cantanhede Filho |
| author_facet | Anne Karoline Maiorana Santos Bianca Araújo dos Santos Josivan Regis Farias Sebastião Vieira de Morais Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra Edson Rodrigues-Filho Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes Antônio José Cantanhede Filho |
| author_sort | Anne Karoline Maiorana Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study evaluates the effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) ions on the production of anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolites by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp., isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i>. The objective was to identify metal-induced secondary metabolites with antifungal potential against drug-resistant <i>Candida</i> species. <b>Methods</b>: <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. was cultivated in Czapek agar supplemented with MnCl₂ (400 µM) or CoCl₂ (200 µM). Metabolite profiles were analyzed using UHPLC-DAD and LC-ESI-HRMS, followed by structural elucidation via NMR. Antifungal and biofilm inhibition activities were tested against <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>. Toxicity was assessed using <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae. <b>Results</b>: Key metabolites, including pyrophen, penicillquei B, and fonsecinone B, demonstrated antifungal activity with MIC values of 4.37–280.61 µg/mL. Fonsecinone B exhibited superior biofilm inhibition, surpassing fluconazole in reducing biofilm biomass and viability. In vivo assays showed low toxicity, with survival rates above 80% at 2× MIC/kg. <b>Conclusions</b>: Mn(II) and Co(II) significantly modulated the production of antifungal metabolites in <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. Fonsecinone B emerged as a promising candidate for antifungal therapy due to its potent activity and low toxicity. These findings support further investigation into the therapeutic potential of metal-induced fungal metabolites for combating drug-resistant <i>Candida</i> infections. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-284fdcbe5a1b4db1a3e7274f4ab192f3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-284fdcbe5a1b4db1a3e7274f4ab192f32024-12-27T14:46:03ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472024-12-011712167810.3390/ph17121678Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae)Anne Karoline Maiorana Santos0Bianca Araújo dos Santos1Josivan Regis Farias2Sebastião Vieira de Morais3Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos4Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra5Edson Rodrigues-Filho6Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes7Antônio José Cantanhede Filho8Chemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, BrazilChemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, BrazilCenter for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, BrazilChemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, BrazilChemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, BrazilCenter for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, BrazilLaBioMMi, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, BrazilChemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, BrazilChemistry Postgraduate Program, Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís 65030-005, Brazil<b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study evaluates the effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) ions on the production of anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolites by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp., isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i>. The objective was to identify metal-induced secondary metabolites with antifungal potential against drug-resistant <i>Candida</i> species. <b>Methods</b>: <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. was cultivated in Czapek agar supplemented with MnCl₂ (400 µM) or CoCl₂ (200 µM). Metabolite profiles were analyzed using UHPLC-DAD and LC-ESI-HRMS, followed by structural elucidation via NMR. Antifungal and biofilm inhibition activities were tested against <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>. Toxicity was assessed using <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae. <b>Results</b>: Key metabolites, including pyrophen, penicillquei B, and fonsecinone B, demonstrated antifungal activity with MIC values of 4.37–280.61 µg/mL. Fonsecinone B exhibited superior biofilm inhibition, surpassing fluconazole in reducing biofilm biomass and viability. In vivo assays showed low toxicity, with survival rates above 80% at 2× MIC/kg. <b>Conclusions</b>: Mn(II) and Co(II) significantly modulated the production of antifungal metabolites in <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. Fonsecinone B emerged as a promising candidate for antifungal therapy due to its potent activity and low toxicity. These findings support further investigation into the therapeutic potential of metal-induced fungal metabolites for combating drug-resistant <i>Candida</i> infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/17/12/1678anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolitesendophytic fungimetal-induced secondary metabolismnatural products biotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Anne Karoline Maiorana Santos Bianca Araújo dos Santos Josivan Regis Farias Sebastião Vieira de Morais Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra Edson Rodrigues-Filho Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes Antônio José Cantanhede Filho Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) Pharmaceuticals anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolites endophytic fungi metal-induced secondary metabolism natural products biotechnology |
| title | Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) |
| title_full | Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) |
| title_short | Effect of Mn(II) and Co(II) on Anti-<i>Candida</i> Metabolite Production by <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. an Endophyte Isolated from <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> (Plantaginaceae) |
| title_sort | effect of mn ii and co ii on anti i candida i metabolite production by i aspergillus i sp an endophyte isolated from i dizygostemon riparius i plantaginaceae |
| topic | anti-<i>Candida</i> metabolites endophytic fungi metal-induced secondary metabolism natural products biotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/17/12/1678 |
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