Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses
Abstract In this study, the thermospheric mass density (TMD) features observed by the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload between 2002 and 2010 were extracted using deep learning (DL) technology; the TMD features were then mapped and modeled with the Interplanetary environment information (IEI), solar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003952 |
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| author | Wenbo Li Libo Liu Yiding Chen Yi‐Jia Zhou Huijun Le Ruilong Zhang |
| author_facet | Wenbo Li Libo Liu Yiding Chen Yi‐Jia Zhou Huijun Le Ruilong Zhang |
| author_sort | Wenbo Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In this study, the thermospheric mass density (TMD) features observed by the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload between 2002 and 2010 were extracted using deep learning (DL) technology; the TMD features were then mapped and modeled with the Interplanetary environment information (IEI), solar radiation, and geomagnetic indices. The DL model was used to simulate the TMD features during Day of Year (DOY) 222–241 in 2014, a period that experienced complex solar‐terrestrial environmental variations. We explore the TMD features under different solar‐terrestrial environmental conditions and discuss the effects of various inputs by comparing the DL simulation results with satellite observations from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment‐A and Swarm‐A, as well as the simulation results from Jacchia‐Bowman 2008, Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter radar model 2.1, and Drag Temperature Model 2013. These results show that the DL model can better capture the TMD features after adding IEI. Part of these TMD features, including the high‐latitude TMD enhancement during the space hurricane event (DOY 232, 2014) and global TMD variations under complex solar‐terrestrial environmental disturbances (DOY 222–225, 2014), cannot be well described by the geomagnetic indices. The DL model indicates that the east‐west component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF By) has a great impact on TMD variations, and its modulation is different from the typical energy injection process during storms. Our results emphasize the crucial influence of IEI on TMD under both geomagnetic disturbances and quiet conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-281a12d7770143b1842ce32512ca43ee |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-281a12d7770143b1842ce32512ca43ee2025-01-14T16:35:30ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902024-09-01229n/an/a10.1029/2024SW003952Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning AnalysesWenbo Li0Libo Liu1Yiding Chen2Yi‐Jia Zhou3Huijun Le4Ruilong Zhang5Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaAbstract In this study, the thermospheric mass density (TMD) features observed by the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload between 2002 and 2010 were extracted using deep learning (DL) technology; the TMD features were then mapped and modeled with the Interplanetary environment information (IEI), solar radiation, and geomagnetic indices. The DL model was used to simulate the TMD features during Day of Year (DOY) 222–241 in 2014, a period that experienced complex solar‐terrestrial environmental variations. We explore the TMD features under different solar‐terrestrial environmental conditions and discuss the effects of various inputs by comparing the DL simulation results with satellite observations from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment‐A and Swarm‐A, as well as the simulation results from Jacchia‐Bowman 2008, Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter radar model 2.1, and Drag Temperature Model 2013. These results show that the DL model can better capture the TMD features after adding IEI. Part of these TMD features, including the high‐latitude TMD enhancement during the space hurricane event (DOY 232, 2014) and global TMD variations under complex solar‐terrestrial environmental disturbances (DOY 222–225, 2014), cannot be well described by the geomagnetic indices. The DL model indicates that the east‐west component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF By) has a great impact on TMD variations, and its modulation is different from the typical energy injection process during storms. Our results emphasize the crucial influence of IEI on TMD under both geomagnetic disturbances and quiet conditions.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003952thermospheric mass densityinterplanetary environmentdeep learninggeomagnetic stormssubstormsspace hurricane |
| spellingShingle | Wenbo Li Libo Liu Yiding Chen Yi‐Jia Zhou Huijun Le Ruilong Zhang Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses Space Weather thermospheric mass density interplanetary environment deep learning geomagnetic storms substorms space hurricane |
| title | Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses |
| title_full | Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses |
| title_fullStr | Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses |
| title_short | Interplanetary Influence on Thermospheric Mass Density: Insights From Deep Learning Analyses |
| title_sort | interplanetary influence on thermospheric mass density insights from deep learning analyses |
| topic | thermospheric mass density interplanetary environment deep learning geomagnetic storms substorms space hurricane |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003952 |
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