Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea

Objective To evaluate possible sex-related differences in the performance of the GOAL, a 4-item obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening instrument in adults.Methods Between July 2019 and June 2021, this cross-sectional study included consecutively recruited patients from one Brazilian sleep laborato...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: R.L.M. Duarte, F.J. Magalhães-da-Silveira, D. Gozal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis 2024-05-01
Series:Pulmonology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.01.004
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849326198042132480
author R.L.M. Duarte
F.J. Magalhães-da-Silveira
D. Gozal
author_facet R.L.M. Duarte
F.J. Magalhães-da-Silveira
D. Gozal
author_sort R.L.M. Duarte
collection DOAJ
description Objective To evaluate possible sex-related differences in the performance of the GOAL, a 4-item obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening instrument in adults.Methods Between July 2019 and June 2021, this cross-sectional study included consecutively recruited patients from one Brazilian sleep laboratory undergoing overnight polysomnography. Individuals with GOAL scores ≥ 2 of a maximum of 4 points are classified at high risk for OSA diagnosis. Actual OSA severity was based on the apnea-hypopnea index: ≥ 5.0/h as any OSA, ≥ 15.0/h as moderate-to-severe OSA, and ≥ 30.0/h as severe OSA. Performance of the GOAL instrument in women and men was assessed by the discriminatory ability (obtained from area under the curve [AUC]-Receiver Operating Characteristic curves) and 2×2 contingency tables.Results A total of 2,978 subjects (55.3% males) were evaluated. The frequency of GOAL-defined OSA high-risk was statistically higher in men when compared to women (p < 0.001). The GOAL predictive parameters for screening all severity OSA levels were as follows: in females, sensitivity ranging from 58.2% to 78.3% and specificity ranging from 60.0% to 77.6%, while in males, sensitivity ranging from 90.5% to 96.9% and specificity from 20.7% to 46.8%. The GOAL questionnaire had similar discriminatory properties, assessed by AUC, in women and in men: i) any OSA: 0.741 vs. 0.771 (p = 0.204), ii) moderate-to-severe OSA: 0.727 vs. 0.737 (p = 0.595), and iii) severe OSA: 0.728 vs. 0.703 (p = 0.240); respectively.Conclusions The GOAL instrument emerges as a useful tool for screening adult individuals and displays similar performance in both women and men.
format Article
id doaj-art-26fc7f68701f40f5a6c6571e0e84adb2
institution Kabale University
issn 2531-0429
2531-0437
language English
publishDate 2024-05-01
publisher Taylor & Francis
record_format Article
series Pulmonology
spelling doaj-art-26fc7f68701f40f5a6c6571e0e84adb22025-08-20T03:48:13ZengTaylor & FrancisPulmonology2531-04292531-04372024-05-0130326527110.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.01.004Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apneaR.L.M. Duarte0F.J. Magalhães-da-Silveira1D. Gozal2SleepLab - Laboratório de Estudo dos Distúrbios do Sono, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSleepLab - Laboratório de Estudo dos Distúrbios do Sono, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartment of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USAObjective To evaluate possible sex-related differences in the performance of the GOAL, a 4-item obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening instrument in adults.Methods Between July 2019 and June 2021, this cross-sectional study included consecutively recruited patients from one Brazilian sleep laboratory undergoing overnight polysomnography. Individuals with GOAL scores ≥ 2 of a maximum of 4 points are classified at high risk for OSA diagnosis. Actual OSA severity was based on the apnea-hypopnea index: ≥ 5.0/h as any OSA, ≥ 15.0/h as moderate-to-severe OSA, and ≥ 30.0/h as severe OSA. Performance of the GOAL instrument in women and men was assessed by the discriminatory ability (obtained from area under the curve [AUC]-Receiver Operating Characteristic curves) and 2×2 contingency tables.Results A total of 2,978 subjects (55.3% males) were evaluated. The frequency of GOAL-defined OSA high-risk was statistically higher in men when compared to women (p < 0.001). The GOAL predictive parameters for screening all severity OSA levels were as follows: in females, sensitivity ranging from 58.2% to 78.3% and specificity ranging from 60.0% to 77.6%, while in males, sensitivity ranging from 90.5% to 96.9% and specificity from 20.7% to 46.8%. The GOAL questionnaire had similar discriminatory properties, assessed by AUC, in women and in men: i) any OSA: 0.741 vs. 0.771 (p = 0.204), ii) moderate-to-severe OSA: 0.727 vs. 0.737 (p = 0.595), and iii) severe OSA: 0.728 vs. 0.703 (p = 0.240); respectively.Conclusions The GOAL instrument emerges as a useful tool for screening adult individuals and displays similar performance in both women and men.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.01.004Obstructive sleep apneaGOAL questionnaireSexScreeningPolysomnography
spellingShingle R.L.M. Duarte
F.J. Magalhães-da-Silveira
D. Gozal
Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
Pulmonology
Obstructive sleep apnea
GOAL questionnaire
Sex
Screening
Polysomnography
title Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
title_full Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
title_fullStr Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
title_full_unstemmed Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
title_short Sex-dependent GOAL screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
title_sort sex dependent goal screening performance in adults at risk for obstructive sleep apnea
topic Obstructive sleep apnea
GOAL questionnaire
Sex
Screening
Polysomnography
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.01.004
work_keys_str_mv AT rlmduarte sexdependentgoalscreeningperformanceinadultsatriskforobstructivesleepapnea
AT fjmagalhaesdasilveira sexdependentgoalscreeningperformanceinadultsatriskforobstructivesleepapnea
AT dgozal sexdependentgoalscreeningperformanceinadultsatriskforobstructivesleepapnea