Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry
Precision measurements of gravitational acceleration, or gravimetry, enable the testing of physical theories and find numerous applications in geodesy and space exploration. By harnessing quantum effects, high-precision sensors can achieve sensitivity and accuracy far beyond their classical counterp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Physical Society
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Physical Review Research |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013016 |
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| author | Victor Montenegro |
| author_facet | Victor Montenegro |
| author_sort | Victor Montenegro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Precision measurements of gravitational acceleration, or gravimetry, enable the testing of physical theories and find numerous applications in geodesy and space exploration. By harnessing quantum effects, high-precision sensors can achieve sensitivity and accuracy far beyond their classical counterparts when using the same number of sensing resources. Therefore, developing gravimeters with quantum-enhanced sensitivity is essential for advancing theoretical and applied physics. While novel quantum gravimeters have already been proposed for this purpose, the ultimate sensing precision, known as the Heisenberg limit, remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the gravimetry precision of a conditional displacement spin-mechanical system increases quadratically with the number of spins: a Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimeter. In general, the gravitational parameter is dynamically encoded into the entire entangled spin-mechanical probe. However, at some specific times, the mechanical degree of freedom disentangles from the spin subsystem, transferring all the information about the gravitational acceleration to the spin subsystem. Hence, we prove that a feasible spin magnetization measurement can reveal the ultimate gravimetry precision at such disentangling times. We predict an absolute gravimetry uncertainty of 10^{−11}m/s^{2} to 10^{−6}m/s^{2}, without relying on free-fall methodologies, ground-state cooling of the mechanical object, and robust against spin-mechanical coupling anisotropies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-264dc25d094a4bdb868274fc7212847d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2643-1564 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-264dc25d094a4bdb868274fc7212847d2025-01-06T15:59:51ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642025-01-017101301610.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013016Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetryVictor MontenegroPrecision measurements of gravitational acceleration, or gravimetry, enable the testing of physical theories and find numerous applications in geodesy and space exploration. By harnessing quantum effects, high-precision sensors can achieve sensitivity and accuracy far beyond their classical counterparts when using the same number of sensing resources. Therefore, developing gravimeters with quantum-enhanced sensitivity is essential for advancing theoretical and applied physics. While novel quantum gravimeters have already been proposed for this purpose, the ultimate sensing precision, known as the Heisenberg limit, remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the gravimetry precision of a conditional displacement spin-mechanical system increases quadratically with the number of spins: a Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimeter. In general, the gravitational parameter is dynamically encoded into the entire entangled spin-mechanical probe. However, at some specific times, the mechanical degree of freedom disentangles from the spin subsystem, transferring all the information about the gravitational acceleration to the spin subsystem. Hence, we prove that a feasible spin magnetization measurement can reveal the ultimate gravimetry precision at such disentangling times. We predict an absolute gravimetry uncertainty of 10^{−11}m/s^{2} to 10^{−6}m/s^{2}, without relying on free-fall methodologies, ground-state cooling of the mechanical object, and robust against spin-mechanical coupling anisotropies.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013016 |
| spellingShingle | Victor Montenegro Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry Physical Review Research |
| title | Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry |
| title_full | Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry |
| title_fullStr | Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry |
| title_short | Heisenberg-limited spin-mechanical gravimetry |
| title_sort | heisenberg limited spin mechanical gravimetry |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013016 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT victormontenegro heisenberglimitedspinmechanicalgravimetry |