A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges

Exact state-of-charge estimation is necessary for every application related to energy storage systems to protect the battery from deep discharging and overcharging. This leads to an improvement in discharge efficiency and extends the battery lifecycle. Batteries are a main source of energy and are u...

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Main Authors: Muhtahir O. Oloyede, Godfrey A. Akpakwu, Herman C. Myburgh, Allan De Freitas, Tawanda Kunatsa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-08-01
Series:World Electric Vehicle Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/9/381
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author Muhtahir O. Oloyede
Godfrey A. Akpakwu
Herman C. Myburgh
Allan De Freitas
Tawanda Kunatsa
author_facet Muhtahir O. Oloyede
Godfrey A. Akpakwu
Herman C. Myburgh
Allan De Freitas
Tawanda Kunatsa
author_sort Muhtahir O. Oloyede
collection DOAJ
description Exact state-of-charge estimation is necessary for every application related to energy storage systems to protect the battery from deep discharging and overcharging. This leads to an improvement in discharge efficiency and extends the battery lifecycle. Batteries are a main source of energy and are usually monitored by management systems to achieve optimal use and protection. Coming up with effective methods for battery management systems that can adequately estimate the state-of-charge of batteries has become a great challenge that has been studied in the literature for some time. Hence, this paper analyses the different energy storage technologies, highlighting their merits and demerits. The various estimation methods for state-of-charge are discussed, and their merits and demerits are compared, while possible applications are pointed out. Furthermore, factors affecting the battery state-of-charge and approaches to managing the same are discussed and analysed. The different modelling tools used to carry out simulations for energy storage experiments are analysed and discussed. Additionally, a quantitative comparison of different technical and economic modelling simulators for energy storage applications is presented. Previous research works have been found to lack accuracy under varying conditions and ageing effects; as such, integrating hybrid approaches for enhanced accuracy in state-of-charge estimations is advised. With regards to energy storage technologies, exploring alternative materials for improved energy density, safety and sustainability exists as a huge research gap. The development of effective battery management systems for optimisation and control is yet to be fully exploited. When it comes to state-of-the-art simulators, integrating multiscale models for comprehensive understanding is of utmost importance. Enhancing adaptability across diverse battery chemistries and rigorous validation with real-world data is essential. To sum up the paper, future research directions and a conclusion are given.
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spelling doaj-art-249e73a6de7749e08bd7e00987e681d22025-08-20T04:00:44ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532024-08-0115938110.3390/wevj15090381A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and ChallengesMuhtahir O. Oloyede0Godfrey A. Akpakwu1Herman C. Myburgh2Allan De Freitas3Tawanda Kunatsa4Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaExact state-of-charge estimation is necessary for every application related to energy storage systems to protect the battery from deep discharging and overcharging. This leads to an improvement in discharge efficiency and extends the battery lifecycle. Batteries are a main source of energy and are usually monitored by management systems to achieve optimal use and protection. Coming up with effective methods for battery management systems that can adequately estimate the state-of-charge of batteries has become a great challenge that has been studied in the literature for some time. Hence, this paper analyses the different energy storage technologies, highlighting their merits and demerits. The various estimation methods for state-of-charge are discussed, and their merits and demerits are compared, while possible applications are pointed out. Furthermore, factors affecting the battery state-of-charge and approaches to managing the same are discussed and analysed. The different modelling tools used to carry out simulations for energy storage experiments are analysed and discussed. Additionally, a quantitative comparison of different technical and economic modelling simulators for energy storage applications is presented. Previous research works have been found to lack accuracy under varying conditions and ageing effects; as such, integrating hybrid approaches for enhanced accuracy in state-of-charge estimations is advised. With regards to energy storage technologies, exploring alternative materials for improved energy density, safety and sustainability exists as a huge research gap. The development of effective battery management systems for optimisation and control is yet to be fully exploited. When it comes to state-of-the-art simulators, integrating multiscale models for comprehensive understanding is of utmost importance. Enhancing adaptability across diverse battery chemistries and rigorous validation with real-world data is essential. To sum up the paper, future research directions and a conclusion are given.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/9/381state-of-chargebattery management systembattery energy storage technologiesmodelling and simulation toolsstate-of-charge estimation methods
spellingShingle Muhtahir O. Oloyede
Godfrey A. Akpakwu
Herman C. Myburgh
Allan De Freitas
Tawanda Kunatsa
A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
World Electric Vehicle Journal
state-of-charge
battery management system
battery energy storage technologies
modelling and simulation tools
state-of-charge estimation methods
title A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
title_full A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
title_fullStr A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
title_full_unstemmed A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
title_short A Review on State-of-Charge Estimation Methods, Energy Storage Technologies and State-of-the-Art Simulators: Recent Developments and Challenges
title_sort review on state of charge estimation methods energy storage technologies and state of the art simulators recent developments and challenges
topic state-of-charge
battery management system
battery energy storage technologies
modelling and simulation tools
state-of-charge estimation methods
url https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/9/381
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