Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System
Stingless bee colonies require constant monitoring to ensure hive health and optimal honey production. However, conventional monitoring practices are time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for beekeepers in rural or remote areas. Without access to real-time hive data, beekeepers may struggl...
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IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia
2025-01-01
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| Series: | International Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal/index.php/iiumej/article/view/3531 |
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| author | Yasser Asrul Ahmad Nurul Salshabila Mustapa Anis Hannani Razaman Muhammad Nasrin Aqil Abdul Hamid Noreha Abdul Malik Mohd Faizal Jamlos |
| author_facet | Yasser Asrul Ahmad Nurul Salshabila Mustapa Anis Hannani Razaman Muhammad Nasrin Aqil Abdul Hamid Noreha Abdul Malik Mohd Faizal Jamlos |
| author_sort | Yasser Asrul Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Stingless bee colonies require constant monitoring to ensure hive health and optimal honey production. However, conventional monitoring practices are time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for beekeepers in rural or remote areas. Without access to real-time hive data, beekeepers may struggle to detect changes in temperature, humidity, and other vital conditions that could impact bee health and productivity. Most studies rely on Wi-Fi modules for communication between local and cloud servers. However, using Wi-Fi for bee monitoring requires that the stingless bee hives be located near buildings with Wi-Fi access. To address this issue, a prototype of a remote monitoring system for a stingless bee colony was developed using Long Range (LoRa) technologies due to the low data rate, low power, and operability in an outdoor environment. This system aims to help beekeepers monitor the beehives remotely. The prototype comprises two nodes: a beehive sensor node and a LoRa gateway node. The beehive monitoring sensor node is equipped with the ESP32 as a microcontroller, LoRa SX1278, BME680, and KY-037. The LoRa gateway comprises ESP32 and LoRa SX1278 and is interfaced with Ubidots through Node-Red. The developed prototype was tested at four locations at varying distances in the Mahallah Ruqayyah Kelulut farm. The result shows that LoRa is feasible for remote monitoring because it can reliably transmit data up to 58 meters despite a higher data rate. The Ubidots dashboard displays the temperature, humidity percentage, air quality, pressure, sound levels, and RSSI value for thorough insights into the bee's condition, as it can be accessed using web and mobile applications. Overall, the stingless bee remote monitoring system using LoRa communication is a promising solution for outdoor applications between the sender and receiver for data transmission in remote areas.
ABSTRAK: Koloni lebah kelulut memerlukan pemantauan berterusan untuk memastikan kesihatan sarang dan pengeluaran madu yang optimum. Walau bagaimanapun, amalan pemantauan konvensional memerlukan banyak masa dan tenaga, terutamanya bagi penternak lebah di kawasan pedalaman atau terpencil. Tanpa akses kepada data sarang secara masa nyata, penternak lebah mungkin menghadapi kesukaran untuk mengesan perubahan suhu, kelembapan, dan keadaan penting lain yang boleh menjejaskan kesihatan serta produktiviti lebah. Kebanyakan kajian menggunakan modul Wi-Fi untuk komunikasi antara pelayan tempatan dan awan. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaan Wi-Fi untuk pemantauan lebah memerlukan sarang lebah kelulut diletakkan berhampiran bangunan dengan akses Wi-Fi. Bagi mengatasi isu ini, satu prototaip sistem pemantauan jauh untuk koloni lebah kelulut telah dibangunkan menggunakan teknologi Long Range (LoRa) yang mempunyai kadar data rendah, penggunaan tenaga yang rendah, serta sesuai untuk persekitaran luar. Sistem ini bertujuan membantu penternak lebah memantau sarang lebah dari jauh. Prototaip ini terdiri daripada dua nod: nod sensor sarang lebah dan nod pintu gerbang LoRa. Nod sensor pemantauan sarang lebah dilengkapi dengan ESP32 sebagai mikropengawal, LoRa SX1278, BME680, dan KY-037. Pintu gerbang LoRa pula menggunakan ESP32 dan LoRa SX1278 yang dihubungkan dengan Ubidots melalui Node-Red. Prototaip ini telah diuji di empat lokasi berbeza pada jarak yang berbeza di ladang Kelulut Mahallah Ruqayyah. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa LoRa adalah sesuai untuk pemantauan jarak jauh kerana, walaupun pada kadar data yang lebih tinggi, ia boleh menghantar data dengan baik sehingga jarak 58 meter. Papan pemuka Ubidots memaparkan suhu, peratusan kelembapan, kualiti udara, tekanan, tahap bunyi, dan nilai RSSI untuk memberikan gambaran lengkap mengenai keadaan lebah, yang boleh diakses melalui aplikasi web dan mudah alih. Secara keseluruhan, sistem pemantauan jauh lebah kelulut menggunakan komunikasi LoRa adalah penyelesaian yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi luar di kawasan terpencil antara penghantar dan penerima bagi penghantaran data.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-23f609348b0d46a0acafb3a67cef0be0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1511-788X 2289-7860 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-23f609348b0d46a0acafb3a67cef0be02025-01-10T12:40:36ZengIIUM Press, International Islamic University MalaysiaInternational Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal1511-788X2289-78602025-01-0126110.31436/iiumej.v26i1.3531Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring SystemYasser Asrul Ahmad0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-5577Nurul Salshabila Mustapa1https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1109-9206Anis Hannani Razaman2https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2572-0733Muhammad Nasrin Aqil Abdul Hamid3Noreha Abdul Malik4https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4235-1271Mohd Faizal Jamlos5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-3854International Islamic University Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Stingless bee colonies require constant monitoring to ensure hive health and optimal honey production. However, conventional monitoring practices are time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for beekeepers in rural or remote areas. Without access to real-time hive data, beekeepers may struggle to detect changes in temperature, humidity, and other vital conditions that could impact bee health and productivity. Most studies rely on Wi-Fi modules for communication between local and cloud servers. However, using Wi-Fi for bee monitoring requires that the stingless bee hives be located near buildings with Wi-Fi access. To address this issue, a prototype of a remote monitoring system for a stingless bee colony was developed using Long Range (LoRa) technologies due to the low data rate, low power, and operability in an outdoor environment. This system aims to help beekeepers monitor the beehives remotely. The prototype comprises two nodes: a beehive sensor node and a LoRa gateway node. The beehive monitoring sensor node is equipped with the ESP32 as a microcontroller, LoRa SX1278, BME680, and KY-037. The LoRa gateway comprises ESP32 and LoRa SX1278 and is interfaced with Ubidots through Node-Red. The developed prototype was tested at four locations at varying distances in the Mahallah Ruqayyah Kelulut farm. The result shows that LoRa is feasible for remote monitoring because it can reliably transmit data up to 58 meters despite a higher data rate. The Ubidots dashboard displays the temperature, humidity percentage, air quality, pressure, sound levels, and RSSI value for thorough insights into the bee's condition, as it can be accessed using web and mobile applications. Overall, the stingless bee remote monitoring system using LoRa communication is a promising solution for outdoor applications between the sender and receiver for data transmission in remote areas. ABSTRAK: Koloni lebah kelulut memerlukan pemantauan berterusan untuk memastikan kesihatan sarang dan pengeluaran madu yang optimum. Walau bagaimanapun, amalan pemantauan konvensional memerlukan banyak masa dan tenaga, terutamanya bagi penternak lebah di kawasan pedalaman atau terpencil. Tanpa akses kepada data sarang secara masa nyata, penternak lebah mungkin menghadapi kesukaran untuk mengesan perubahan suhu, kelembapan, dan keadaan penting lain yang boleh menjejaskan kesihatan serta produktiviti lebah. Kebanyakan kajian menggunakan modul Wi-Fi untuk komunikasi antara pelayan tempatan dan awan. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaan Wi-Fi untuk pemantauan lebah memerlukan sarang lebah kelulut diletakkan berhampiran bangunan dengan akses Wi-Fi. Bagi mengatasi isu ini, satu prototaip sistem pemantauan jauh untuk koloni lebah kelulut telah dibangunkan menggunakan teknologi Long Range (LoRa) yang mempunyai kadar data rendah, penggunaan tenaga yang rendah, serta sesuai untuk persekitaran luar. Sistem ini bertujuan membantu penternak lebah memantau sarang lebah dari jauh. Prototaip ini terdiri daripada dua nod: nod sensor sarang lebah dan nod pintu gerbang LoRa. Nod sensor pemantauan sarang lebah dilengkapi dengan ESP32 sebagai mikropengawal, LoRa SX1278, BME680, dan KY-037. Pintu gerbang LoRa pula menggunakan ESP32 dan LoRa SX1278 yang dihubungkan dengan Ubidots melalui Node-Red. Prototaip ini telah diuji di empat lokasi berbeza pada jarak yang berbeza di ladang Kelulut Mahallah Ruqayyah. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa LoRa adalah sesuai untuk pemantauan jarak jauh kerana, walaupun pada kadar data yang lebih tinggi, ia boleh menghantar data dengan baik sehingga jarak 58 meter. Papan pemuka Ubidots memaparkan suhu, peratusan kelembapan, kualiti udara, tekanan, tahap bunyi, dan nilai RSSI untuk memberikan gambaran lengkap mengenai keadaan lebah, yang boleh diakses melalui aplikasi web dan mudah alih. Secara keseluruhan, sistem pemantauan jauh lebah kelulut menggunakan komunikasi LoRa adalah penyelesaian yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi luar di kawasan terpencil antara penghantar dan penerima bagi penghantaran data. https://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal/index.php/iiumej/article/view/3531LoRa SX1278ESP32Remote monitoringBME680Ubidots |
| spellingShingle | Yasser Asrul Ahmad Nurul Salshabila Mustapa Anis Hannani Razaman Muhammad Nasrin Aqil Abdul Hamid Noreha Abdul Malik Mohd Faizal Jamlos Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System International Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal LoRa SX1278 ESP32 Remote monitoring BME680 Ubidots |
| title | Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System |
| title_full | Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System |
| title_fullStr | Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System |
| title_short | Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System |
| title_sort | integration of lora iot with cloud platform in a stingless beehive remote monitoring system |
| topic | LoRa SX1278 ESP32 Remote monitoring BME680 Ubidots |
| url | https://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal/index.php/iiumej/article/view/3531 |
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