Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions

Abstract We study the hot medium effects in high-multiplicity proton–proton (pp) collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=13$$ s NN = 13 TeV via the charmonium probes. The hot medium is described with the hydrodynamic model, while charmonium evolutions in the medium are studied with a time-dependent Schrödinge...

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Main Authors: Yunfan Bai, Baoyi Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-11-01
Series:European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13599-4
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author Yunfan Bai
Baoyi Chen
author_facet Yunfan Bai
Baoyi Chen
author_sort Yunfan Bai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract We study the hot medium effects in high-multiplicity proton–proton (pp) collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=13$$ s NN = 13 TeV via the charmonium probes. The hot medium is described with the hydrodynamic model, while charmonium evolutions in the medium are studied with a time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The hot medium dissociation on charmonium is considered with the temperature-dependent complex potential parametrized with the results from lattice QCD calculations. The ratio $$\sigma _{\psi (2S)}/\sigma _{J/\psi }$$ σ ψ ( 2 S ) / σ J / ψ of $$J/\psi $$ J / ψ and $$\psi (2S)$$ ψ ( 2 S ) production cross sections are calculated and compared with the LHCb experimental data in pp collisions. Our calculations explain the charmonium relative suppression in different transverse momentum and multiplicity bins. The suppression of this ratio is mainly affected by the effects of the deconfined medium. It is less affected by the initial effects before the generation of the heavy quark pair. We suggest this to be a clear signal of the small QGP droplets generated in high multiplicity pp collisions.
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spelling doaj-art-2240a71792574cadb438c38b3a365e7e2024-12-29T12:42:38ZengSpringerOpenEuropean Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields1434-60522024-11-0184111810.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13599-4Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisionsYunfan Bai0Baoyi Chen1Department of Physics, Imperial College LondonDepartment of Physics, Tianjin UniversityAbstract We study the hot medium effects in high-multiplicity proton–proton (pp) collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=13$$ s NN = 13 TeV via the charmonium probes. The hot medium is described with the hydrodynamic model, while charmonium evolutions in the medium are studied with a time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The hot medium dissociation on charmonium is considered with the temperature-dependent complex potential parametrized with the results from lattice QCD calculations. The ratio $$\sigma _{\psi (2S)}/\sigma _{J/\psi }$$ σ ψ ( 2 S ) / σ J / ψ of $$J/\psi $$ J / ψ and $$\psi (2S)$$ ψ ( 2 S ) production cross sections are calculated and compared with the LHCb experimental data in pp collisions. Our calculations explain the charmonium relative suppression in different transverse momentum and multiplicity bins. The suppression of this ratio is mainly affected by the effects of the deconfined medium. It is less affected by the initial effects before the generation of the heavy quark pair. We suggest this to be a clear signal of the small QGP droplets generated in high multiplicity pp collisions.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13599-4
spellingShingle Yunfan Bai
Baoyi Chen
Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields
title Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
title_full Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
title_fullStr Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
title_full_unstemmed Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
title_short Probing QGP droplets with charmonium in high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions
title_sort probing qgp droplets with charmonium in high multiplicity proton proton collisions
url https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13599-4
work_keys_str_mv AT yunfanbai probingqgpdropletswithcharmoniuminhighmultiplicityprotonprotoncollisions
AT baoyichen probingqgpdropletswithcharmoniuminhighmultiplicityprotonprotoncollisions