Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress

The razor clam <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>, a significant marine bivalve species, inhabits estuaries and encounters salinity stress. Despite its commercial importance, there is limited understanding of its adaptive mechanisms to high salinity. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), which be...

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Main Authors: Jianing Yu, Biao Wu, Yinghui Dong, Zhihua Lin, Hanhan Yao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Animals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/64
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author Jianing Yu
Biao Wu
Yinghui Dong
Zhihua Lin
Hanhan Yao
author_facet Jianing Yu
Biao Wu
Yinghui Dong
Zhihua Lin
Hanhan Yao
author_sort Jianing Yu
collection DOAJ
description The razor clam <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>, a significant marine bivalve species, inhabits estuaries and encounters salinity stress. Despite its commercial importance, there is limited understanding of its adaptive mechanisms to high salinity. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), which belong to the NAD(P)<sup>+</sup>-dependent superfamily, play a crucial role in stress resilience by participating in catabolic and anabolic pathways, such as carnitine synthesis, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the ALDH family in <i>S. constricta</i> under acute high salt stress conditions and identifies 16 <i>ScALDH</i> genes across 10 subfamilies. These genes are located on eight chromosomes, with tandem duplications observed on chromosome 10; they encode mostly acidic and hydrophilic proteins. Among them, <i>ScALDH18A1</i> contains a conserved P5CS domain that is implicated in proline synthesis and osmotic regulation. The expression of 14 <i>ScALDH</i> members were significantly altered under acute salt stress conditions, with <i>ScALDH8</i> and <i>ScALDH18A1</i> showing increased expression levels, suggesting their involvement in osmotic pressure regulation. This research provides insights into the characteristics, evolution, and response to salinity stress of the <i>ScALDH</i> gene family while shedding light on ALDH function in bivalves, as well as serving as a foundation for further studies on osmotic stress regulation.
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spelling doaj-art-217c78d7cfd4431f99210bd7d610c34a2025-01-10T13:13:57ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-12-011516410.3390/ani15010064Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline StressJianing Yu0Biao Wu1Yinghui Dong2Zhihua Lin3Hanhan Yao4College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315101, ChinaKey Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315101, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315101, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315101, ChinaThe razor clam <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>, a significant marine bivalve species, inhabits estuaries and encounters salinity stress. Despite its commercial importance, there is limited understanding of its adaptive mechanisms to high salinity. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), which belong to the NAD(P)<sup>+</sup>-dependent superfamily, play a crucial role in stress resilience by participating in catabolic and anabolic pathways, such as carnitine synthesis, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the ALDH family in <i>S. constricta</i> under acute high salt stress conditions and identifies 16 <i>ScALDH</i> genes across 10 subfamilies. These genes are located on eight chromosomes, with tandem duplications observed on chromosome 10; they encode mostly acidic and hydrophilic proteins. Among them, <i>ScALDH18A1</i> contains a conserved P5CS domain that is implicated in proline synthesis and osmotic regulation. The expression of 14 <i>ScALDH</i> members were significantly altered under acute salt stress conditions, with <i>ScALDH8</i> and <i>ScALDH18A1</i> showing increased expression levels, suggesting their involvement in osmotic pressure regulation. This research provides insights into the characteristics, evolution, and response to salinity stress of the <i>ScALDH</i> gene family while shedding light on ALDH function in bivalves, as well as serving as a foundation for further studies on osmotic stress regulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/64<i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>ALDH gene familyosmotic pressure regulationaldehyde dehydrogenaseoxidative stressproline
spellingShingle Jianing Yu
Biao Wu
Yinghui Dong
Zhihua Lin
Hanhan Yao
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
Animals
<i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>
ALDH gene family
osmotic pressure regulation
aldehyde dehydrogenase
oxidative stress
proline
title Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
title_full Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
title_short Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the <i>ALDH</i> Gene Family in <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i> Bivalve in Response to Acute Hypersaline Stress
title_sort genome wide identification and expression analysis of the i aldh i gene family in i sinonovacula constricta i bivalve in response to acute hypersaline stress
topic <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>
ALDH gene family
osmotic pressure regulation
aldehyde dehydrogenase
oxidative stress
proline
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/64
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