Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints
Fuel economy has long been the core control objective in the energy management strategies of extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs), but little research has considered real driving emissions. In this paper, the real driving emissions of an EREV are investigated, and the abnormal pollutant emission...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/142 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549428381450240 |
|---|---|
| author | Hualong Xu Yang Chen Li Zhang Guoliang Chen Jinlin Han Qing Zhang Chaokai Li |
| author_facet | Hualong Xu Yang Chen Li Zhang Guoliang Chen Jinlin Han Qing Zhang Chaokai Li |
| author_sort | Hualong Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fuel economy has long been the core control objective in the energy management strategies of extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs), but little research has considered real driving emissions. In this paper, the real driving emissions of an EREV are investigated, and the abnormal pollutant emissions caused by engine start–stop events are clarified. Accordingly, an interpolated-startup-corrected method is proposed to construct real driving emission models. Next, an optimization problem is constituted with real driving emissions as the constraints and fuel consumption as the objective. The optimization problem is solved using a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm embodying the interpolated-startup-corrected emission models, and the start–stop reduction strategies and condition migration strategies are derived. Compared to the strategy without the emission constraints, the CO and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions under the no-start–stop strategy are cut down by about 70%; the PN emissions are even orders of magnitude lower. Meanwhile, the condition migration strategy can compromise the fuel economy and pollutant emissions by adjusting the engine operating points, thus possibly limiting pollutant emissions beyond the start–stop reduction strategy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-201d9fe3a2064ddfa9225c5fd0dd071b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-201d9fe3a2064ddfa9225c5fd0dd071b2025-01-10T13:14:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0115114210.3390/app15010142Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission ConstraintsHualong Xu0Yang Chen1Li Zhang2Guoliang Chen3Jinlin Han4Qing Zhang5Chaokai Li6China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, NL-5600 Eindhoven, The NetherlandsChongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400023, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaFuel economy has long been the core control objective in the energy management strategies of extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs), but little research has considered real driving emissions. In this paper, the real driving emissions of an EREV are investigated, and the abnormal pollutant emissions caused by engine start–stop events are clarified. Accordingly, an interpolated-startup-corrected method is proposed to construct real driving emission models. Next, an optimization problem is constituted with real driving emissions as the constraints and fuel consumption as the objective. The optimization problem is solved using a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm embodying the interpolated-startup-corrected emission models, and the start–stop reduction strategies and condition migration strategies are derived. Compared to the strategy without the emission constraints, the CO and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions under the no-start–stop strategy are cut down by about 70%; the PN emissions are even orders of magnitude lower. Meanwhile, the condition migration strategy can compromise the fuel economy and pollutant emissions by adjusting the engine operating points, thus possibly limiting pollutant emissions beyond the start–stop reduction strategy.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/142EREVenergy managementreal driving emissionsdynamic planningemission modelingengine start–stop |
| spellingShingle | Hualong Xu Yang Chen Li Zhang Guoliang Chen Jinlin Han Qing Zhang Chaokai Li Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints Applied Sciences EREV energy management real driving emissions dynamic planning emission modeling engine start–stop |
| title | Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints |
| title_full | Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints |
| title_fullStr | Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints |
| title_short | Energy Management Strategies for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles with Real Driving Emission Constraints |
| title_sort | energy management strategies for extended range electric vehicles with real driving emission constraints |
| topic | EREV energy management real driving emissions dynamic planning emission modeling engine start–stop |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/142 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hualongxu energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT yangchen energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT lizhang energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT guoliangchen energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT jinlinhan energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT qingzhang energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints AT chaokaili energymanagementstrategiesforextendedrangeelectricvehicleswithrealdrivingemissionconstraints |