Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study
Purpose This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Traumatology
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Trauma and Injury |
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| Online Access: | http://jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2023-0064.pdf |
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| _version_ | 1841527005998219264 |
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| author | Kevin Y. Zhu Kristie J. Sun Mary A. Breslin Mark Kalina Jr. Tyler Moon Ryan Furdock Heather A. Vallier |
| author_facet | Kevin Y. Zhu Kristie J. Sun Mary A. Breslin Mark Kalina Jr. Tyler Moon Ryan Furdock Heather A. Vallier |
| author_sort | Kevin Y. Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery to address social and mental health needs. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted considerable changes in hospital services and increases in interpersonal victimization. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted between September 6, 2018 and December 20, 2020 for 1,908 victim-of-crime patients, including 574 victims of interpersonal violence. Outcomes included length of stay associated with initial TRS presentation, number of subsequent emergency department visits, number of outpatient appointments, and utilization of specific specialties within the year following the initial traumatic event. Results Patients were primarily female (59.4%), single (80.1%), non-Hispanic (86.7%), and Black (59.2%). The mean age was 33.0 years, and 247 patients (49.2%) presented due to physical assault, 132 (26.3%) due to gunshot wounds, and 76 (15.1%) due to sexual assault. The perpetrators were primarily partners (27.9%) or strangers (23.3%). During the study period, 266 patients (mean, 14.9 patients per month) presented before the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency on March 13, 2020, while 236 patients (mean, 25.9 patients per month) presented afterward, representing a 74.6% increase in victim-of-crime patients treated. Interactions with TRS decreased during the COVID-19 period, with an average of 3.0 interactions per patient before COVID-19 versus 1.9 after emergency declaration (P<0.01). Similarly, reductions in length of stay were noted; the pre–COVID-19 average was 3.6 days, compared to 2.1 days post–COVID-19 (P=0.01). Conclusions While interpersonal violence increased, TRS interactions decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting interruption of services, COVID-19 precautions, and postponement/cancellation of elective visits. Future direction of hospital policy to enable resource and service delivery to this population, despite internal and external challenges, appears warranted. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1f4e5d418b7f45e899b0e417851d0d04 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2799-4317 2287-1683 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Traumatology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Trauma and Injury |
| spelling | doaj-art-1f4e5d418b7f45e899b0e417851d0d042025-01-16T06:10:09ZengKorean Society of TraumatologyJournal of Trauma and Injury2799-43172287-16832024-03-01371606610.20408/jti.2023.00641301Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative studyKevin Y. Zhu0Kristie J. Sun1Mary A. Breslin2Mark Kalina Jr.3Tyler Moon4Ryan Furdock5Heather A. Vallier6 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA Evellere Group, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USAPurpose This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery to address social and mental health needs. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted considerable changes in hospital services and increases in interpersonal victimization. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted between September 6, 2018 and December 20, 2020 for 1,908 victim-of-crime patients, including 574 victims of interpersonal violence. Outcomes included length of stay associated with initial TRS presentation, number of subsequent emergency department visits, number of outpatient appointments, and utilization of specific specialties within the year following the initial traumatic event. Results Patients were primarily female (59.4%), single (80.1%), non-Hispanic (86.7%), and Black (59.2%). The mean age was 33.0 years, and 247 patients (49.2%) presented due to physical assault, 132 (26.3%) due to gunshot wounds, and 76 (15.1%) due to sexual assault. The perpetrators were primarily partners (27.9%) or strangers (23.3%). During the study period, 266 patients (mean, 14.9 patients per month) presented before the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency on March 13, 2020, while 236 patients (mean, 25.9 patients per month) presented afterward, representing a 74.6% increase in victim-of-crime patients treated. Interactions with TRS decreased during the COVID-19 period, with an average of 3.0 interactions per patient before COVID-19 versus 1.9 after emergency declaration (P<0.01). Similarly, reductions in length of stay were noted; the pre–COVID-19 average was 3.6 days, compared to 2.1 days post–COVID-19 (P=0.01). Conclusions While interpersonal violence increased, TRS interactions decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting interruption of services, COVID-19 precautions, and postponement/cancellation of elective visits. Future direction of hospital policy to enable resource and service delivery to this population, despite internal and external challenges, appears warranted.http://jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2023-0064.pdfcovid-19recoveryviolencewounds and injuriescrime victims |
| spellingShingle | Kevin Y. Zhu Kristie J. Sun Mary A. Breslin Mark Kalina Jr. Tyler Moon Ryan Furdock Heather A. Vallier Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study Journal of Trauma and Injury covid-19 recovery violence wounds and injuries crime victims |
| title | Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study |
| title_full | Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study |
| title_fullStr | Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study |
| title_short | Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study |
| title_sort | changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the united states during the covid 19 pandemic a retrospective comparative study |
| topic | covid-19 recovery violence wounds and injuries crime victims |
| url | http://jtraumainj.org/upload/pdf/jti-2023-0064.pdf |
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