Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum
Abstract Self-assembled configurations are versatile for applications in which liquid-mediated phenomena are employed to ensure that static or mild physical interactions between assembling blocks take advantage of local energy minima. For granular materials, however, a particle’s momentum in air lea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54976-7 |
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| author | Junghyun Bae Jinsik Yoon Sangmin Oh Kibeom Kim Hyeli Kim Kahyun Hur Hyesung Cho Wook Park |
| author_facet | Junghyun Bae Jinsik Yoon Sangmin Oh Kibeom Kim Hyeli Kim Kahyun Hur Hyesung Cho Wook Park |
| author_sort | Junghyun Bae |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Self-assembled configurations are versatile for applications in which liquid-mediated phenomena are employed to ensure that static or mild physical interactions between assembling blocks take advantage of local energy minima. For granular materials, however, a particle’s momentum in air leads to random collisions and the formation of disordered phases, eventually producing jammed configurations when densely packed. Therefore, unlike fluidic self-assembly, the self-assembly of dry particles typically lacks programmability based on density and ordering symmetry and has thus been limited in applications. Here, we present the self-assembly of particles with momentum, yielding regular arrays with programmable density and symmetry. The key is to embed anti-repellent structures, i.e. traps, that can capture kinetic particles individually and then robustly hold them against collisions with other momentum granules during a dynamic assembly procedure. By using anti-repellent traps, physical interactions between neighbouring particles can be inhibited, resolving many phenomena related to the uncertainty of space-sharing events in granular packing. With our self-assembly strategy, highly dense yet unjammed configurations are demonstrated, which conserve the inherent randomness in the location information of each granule in the trap and are useful for robust multilevel authentication systems as unique applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d7ff607835d494f8166a29d21e790dd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d7ff607835d494f8166a29d21e790dd2025-01-05T12:35:43ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-12-0115111110.1038/s41467-024-54976-7Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentumJunghyun Bae0Jinsik Yoon1Sangmin Oh2Kibeom Kim3Hyeli Kim4Kahyun Hur5Hyesung Cho6Wook Park7Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityInstitute for Wearable Convergence Electronics, Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityExtreme Materials Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyExtreme Materials Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityExtreme Materials Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyExtreme Materials Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityAbstract Self-assembled configurations are versatile for applications in which liquid-mediated phenomena are employed to ensure that static or mild physical interactions between assembling blocks take advantage of local energy minima. For granular materials, however, a particle’s momentum in air leads to random collisions and the formation of disordered phases, eventually producing jammed configurations when densely packed. Therefore, unlike fluidic self-assembly, the self-assembly of dry particles typically lacks programmability based on density and ordering symmetry and has thus been limited in applications. Here, we present the self-assembly of particles with momentum, yielding regular arrays with programmable density and symmetry. The key is to embed anti-repellent structures, i.e. traps, that can capture kinetic particles individually and then robustly hold them against collisions with other momentum granules during a dynamic assembly procedure. By using anti-repellent traps, physical interactions between neighbouring particles can be inhibited, resolving many phenomena related to the uncertainty of space-sharing events in granular packing. With our self-assembly strategy, highly dense yet unjammed configurations are demonstrated, which conserve the inherent randomness in the location information of each granule in the trap and are useful for robust multilevel authentication systems as unique applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54976-7 |
| spellingShingle | Junghyun Bae Jinsik Yoon Sangmin Oh Kibeom Kim Hyeli Kim Kahyun Hur Hyesung Cho Wook Park Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum Nature Communications |
| title | Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| title_full | Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| title_fullStr | Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| title_short | Self-assembly by anti-repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| title_sort | self assembly by anti repellent structures for programming particles with momentum |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54976-7 |
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