Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey

Objectives The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was included in Japan’s national immunisation programme for older adults in 2014. While vaccination coverage has increased following the implementation of the national immunisation programme, little is known about the factors that...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yoshitaka Murakami, Shinichi Kanazu, Tanaz Petigara, Mari Saito Oba, Yuji Nishiwaki, Akira Watanabe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2019-07-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/7/e030197.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846159799287283712
author Yoshitaka Murakami
Shinichi Kanazu
Tanaz Petigara
Mari Saito Oba
Yuji Nishiwaki
Akira Watanabe
author_facet Yoshitaka Murakami
Shinichi Kanazu
Tanaz Petigara
Mari Saito Oba
Yuji Nishiwaki
Akira Watanabe
author_sort Yoshitaka Murakami
collection DOAJ
description Objectives The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was included in Japan’s national immunisation programme for older adults in 2014. While vaccination coverage has increased following the implementation of the national immunisation programme, little is known about the factors that have influenced changes in PPSV23 uptake in Japan. This study aimed to investigate the effects of municipality-level activities implemented to improve vaccine uptake during the fiscal year 2015 (April 2015–March 2016).Design Community-based national survey. A postal and web-based nationwide survey was sent to all municipalities in Japan in June 2016 (n=1741). The survey included questions regarding PPSV23 coverage, out-of-pocket costs by individuals for vaccination and community-level activities implemented to improve and promote PPSV23 uptake. Municipality-level and prefecture-level variables (eg, unemployment rates, average per capita income) retrieved from published sources were also incorporated to explore the impact of social determinants on vaccine uptake.Setting Japan.Participants Municipal vaccination officers.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary study outcome was PPSV23 coverage among adults aged 65 years in Japanese municipalities.Results A total of 1010 municipalities (58.0%) responded to the survey. The median PPSV23 coverage among responding municipalities was 41.8%. Vaccine coverage increased by 18.7% (16.7%–20.7%)%) in municipalities that sent a direct mail notification to the target population of adults compared with municipalities that did not send any notification. Vaccine coverage decreased by 3.02% (2.4%–3.6%)%) for every 1000 JPY increase in out-of-pocket costs. Municipality-level unemployment rates and average per capita income were negatively associated with PPSV23 coverage.Conclusions This nationwide survey provides insight into factors that may influence PPSV23 coverage in Japanese municipalities. Reduced out-of-pocket costs and direct mail notifications to the target population were associated with higher PPSV23 coverage in Japanese municipalities.
format Article
id doaj-art-1d54431f0dbe4d36a2b6bb9ba269614c
institution Kabale University
issn 2044-6055
language English
publishDate 2019-07-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Open
spelling doaj-art-1d54431f0dbe4d36a2b6bb9ba269614c2024-11-23T02:00:11ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552019-07-019710.1136/bmjopen-2019-030197Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based surveyYoshitaka Murakami0Shinichi Kanazu1Tanaz Petigara2Mari Saito Oba3Yuji Nishiwaki4Akira Watanabe5Department of Medical Statistics, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo, JapanVaccines, Medical Affairs, MSD K.K, Tokyo, JapanMerck and Co, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USADepartment of Medical Statistics, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo, JapanResearch Division for Development of Anti-Infective Agents, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, JapanObjectives The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was included in Japan’s national immunisation programme for older adults in 2014. While vaccination coverage has increased following the implementation of the national immunisation programme, little is known about the factors that have influenced changes in PPSV23 uptake in Japan. This study aimed to investigate the effects of municipality-level activities implemented to improve vaccine uptake during the fiscal year 2015 (April 2015–March 2016).Design Community-based national survey. A postal and web-based nationwide survey was sent to all municipalities in Japan in June 2016 (n=1741). The survey included questions regarding PPSV23 coverage, out-of-pocket costs by individuals for vaccination and community-level activities implemented to improve and promote PPSV23 uptake. Municipality-level and prefecture-level variables (eg, unemployment rates, average per capita income) retrieved from published sources were also incorporated to explore the impact of social determinants on vaccine uptake.Setting Japan.Participants Municipal vaccination officers.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary study outcome was PPSV23 coverage among adults aged 65 years in Japanese municipalities.Results A total of 1010 municipalities (58.0%) responded to the survey. The median PPSV23 coverage among responding municipalities was 41.8%. Vaccine coverage increased by 18.7% (16.7%–20.7%)%) in municipalities that sent a direct mail notification to the target population of adults compared with municipalities that did not send any notification. Vaccine coverage decreased by 3.02% (2.4%–3.6%)%) for every 1000 JPY increase in out-of-pocket costs. Municipality-level unemployment rates and average per capita income were negatively associated with PPSV23 coverage.Conclusions This nationwide survey provides insight into factors that may influence PPSV23 coverage in Japanese municipalities. Reduced out-of-pocket costs and direct mail notifications to the target population were associated with higher PPSV23 coverage in Japanese municipalities.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/7/e030197.full
spellingShingle Yoshitaka Murakami
Shinichi Kanazu
Tanaz Petigara
Mari Saito Oba
Yuji Nishiwaki
Akira Watanabe
Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
BMJ Open
title Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
title_full Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
title_fullStr Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
title_full_unstemmed Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
title_short Factors associated with PPSV23 coverage among older adults in Japan: a nationwide community-based survey
title_sort factors associated with ppsv23 coverage among older adults in japan a nationwide community based survey
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/7/e030197.full
work_keys_str_mv AT yoshitakamurakami factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey
AT shinichikanazu factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey
AT tanazpetigara factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey
AT marisaitooba factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey
AT yujinishiwaki factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey
AT akirawatanabe factorsassociatedwithppsv23coverageamongolderadultsinjapananationwidecommunitybasedsurvey