Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution
Biochar has great significance for controlling heavy metal pollution. Nevertheless, its application is impeded by certain shortcomings, such as a limited adsorption capacity, a slow adsorption rate, and poor reusability. Besides, the physical adsorption capacity of raw biochar to heavy metals is sub...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524012944 |
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| author | Pilomeena Arokiasamy Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Eva Arifi Noorina Hidayu Jamil Md Azree Othuman Mydin Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim Andrei Victor Sandu Shafiq Ishak |
| author_facet | Pilomeena Arokiasamy Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Eva Arifi Noorina Hidayu Jamil Md Azree Othuman Mydin Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim Andrei Victor Sandu Shafiq Ishak |
| author_sort | Pilomeena Arokiasamy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biochar has great significance for controlling heavy metal pollution. Nevertheless, its application is impeded by certain shortcomings, such as a limited adsorption capacity, a slow adsorption rate, and poor reusability. Besides, the physical adsorption capacity of raw biochar to heavy metals is suboptimal. As a result, researchers prefer to use geopolymer-based adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals due to their excellent immobilization effect. However, no research has been done on the synthesis of geopolymer-based adsorbent using silica fume for heavy metal adsorption. Thus, the aim of this study is to partially replace metakaolin (MK) with silica fume (S1) (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) in geopolymer formulation at varied S:L ratio (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) to study the impact on the geopolymerization and its following properties in the removal efficiency of copper (Cu2 +). Characterization techniques such as Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to study the physicochemical properties of the developed geopolymer. The concentration of Cu2+ before and after adsorption was determined by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and the removal efficiency was calculated. Based on the experimental result, the geopolymer prepared with 25 % MK and 75 % S1 at S:L of 0.6 maintained the high removal efficiency of Cu2+ (99.62 %) with 100 % MK geopolymer (98.56 %). The generation of N-A-S-H gel with the 75 % replacement level of S1 producing more reactive Si and Al binding sites for Cu2+ adsorption. In addition, S1 contains exchangeable cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ which further promote the adsorption of Cu2+ by ion exchange. Moreover, the mechanisms such as chemical bonding and precipitation were involved in the adsorption of Cu2+. Hence, this research could serve as a basis for the development of solid waste based geopolymers that could remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ce2cde66530432eaa7ff754e6aff835 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ce2cde66530432eaa7ff754e6aff8352025-01-04T04:56:22ZengElsevierCase Studies in Construction Materials2214-50952025-07-0122e04142Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solutionPilomeena Arokiasamy0Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah1Eva Arifi2Noorina Hidayu Jamil3Md Azree Othuman Mydin4Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim5Andrei Victor Sandu6Shafiq Ishak7Centre of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, MalaysiaFaculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia; Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia.Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, IndonesiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia; School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, MalaysiaSchool of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, MalaysiaCentre of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, MalaysiaFaculty of Material Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 41 D. 17 Mangeron St., Iasi 700050, RomaniaFaculty of Civil Engineering, University of Technology Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, MalaysiaBiochar has great significance for controlling heavy metal pollution. Nevertheless, its application is impeded by certain shortcomings, such as a limited adsorption capacity, a slow adsorption rate, and poor reusability. Besides, the physical adsorption capacity of raw biochar to heavy metals is suboptimal. As a result, researchers prefer to use geopolymer-based adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals due to their excellent immobilization effect. However, no research has been done on the synthesis of geopolymer-based adsorbent using silica fume for heavy metal adsorption. Thus, the aim of this study is to partially replace metakaolin (MK) with silica fume (S1) (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) in geopolymer formulation at varied S:L ratio (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) to study the impact on the geopolymerization and its following properties in the removal efficiency of copper (Cu2 +). Characterization techniques such as Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to study the physicochemical properties of the developed geopolymer. The concentration of Cu2+ before and after adsorption was determined by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and the removal efficiency was calculated. Based on the experimental result, the geopolymer prepared with 25 % MK and 75 % S1 at S:L of 0.6 maintained the high removal efficiency of Cu2+ (99.62 %) with 100 % MK geopolymer (98.56 %). The generation of N-A-S-H gel with the 75 % replacement level of S1 producing more reactive Si and Al binding sites for Cu2+ adsorption. In addition, S1 contains exchangeable cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ which further promote the adsorption of Cu2+ by ion exchange. Moreover, the mechanisms such as chemical bonding and precipitation were involved in the adsorption of Cu2+. Hence, this research could serve as a basis for the development of solid waste based geopolymers that could remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524012944MetakaolinSilica fumeGeopolymerAdsorbentCopper |
| spellingShingle | Pilomeena Arokiasamy Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Eva Arifi Noorina Hidayu Jamil Md Azree Othuman Mydin Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim Andrei Victor Sandu Shafiq Ishak Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution Case Studies in Construction Materials Metakaolin Silica fume Geopolymer Adsorbent Copper |
| title | Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| title_full | Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| title_short | Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| title_sort | sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution |
| topic | Metakaolin Silica fume Geopolymer Adsorbent Copper |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509524012944 |
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