Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine

Abstract The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has considered for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Moreover, HCQ has been used as a drug to treat Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this work, nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (NprGO) has been prepared via environmentally...

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Main Authors: Mohammad Amiri, Zahra Hashemi, Fereshteh Chekin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06847-2
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author Mohammad Amiri
Zahra Hashemi
Fereshteh Chekin
author_facet Mohammad Amiri
Zahra Hashemi
Fereshteh Chekin
author_sort Mohammad Amiri
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has considered for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Moreover, HCQ has been used as a drug to treat Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this work, nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (NprGO) has been prepared via environmentally friendly process using Fummaria Parviflora extract. A catalyst based on ZnO nanoparticles-nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (ZnO-NprGO) was prepared by hydrothermal method and characterized. The diameter of ZnO nanoparticles was ~22–37 nm, which were inserted between the NprGO sheets effectively prevented their aggregation. The ZnO-NprGO hybrid had high surface area and good electro-catalytic property, suiting for determination of HCQ. The ZnO-NprGO modified carbon paste electrode (CPE)-based sensor operated in a wide concentration range of 0.07–5.5 μmol L−1 with low limit of detection of 57 nmol L−1 and sensitivity of 14.175 μA μmol−1 L. Remarkably, the ZnO-NprGO/CPE sensor indicated acceptable accuracy, reproducibility, and stability. In addition, the proposed sensor was applied to detection of HCQ in biological samples and the recoveries were 92.0–102.5%, with relative standard deviations of 1.9–4.3%. The unique physical structure of ZnO-NprGO, as well as its chemical and electrical properties, make it promising interface for use in sensors and nanoelectronic applications. Graphical Abstract
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spelling doaj-art-1c6d246caec8400cbefd6b38d3c8d29f2025-01-12T12:06:20ZengSpringerJournal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine1573-48382025-01-0136111110.1007/s10856-024-06847-2Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urineMohammad Amiri0Zahra Hashemi1Fereshteh Chekin2Department of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityAbstract The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has considered for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Moreover, HCQ has been used as a drug to treat Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this work, nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (NprGO) has been prepared via environmentally friendly process using Fummaria Parviflora extract. A catalyst based on ZnO nanoparticles-nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (ZnO-NprGO) was prepared by hydrothermal method and characterized. The diameter of ZnO nanoparticles was ~22–37 nm, which were inserted between the NprGO sheets effectively prevented their aggregation. The ZnO-NprGO hybrid had high surface area and good electro-catalytic property, suiting for determination of HCQ. The ZnO-NprGO modified carbon paste electrode (CPE)-based sensor operated in a wide concentration range of 0.07–5.5 μmol L−1 with low limit of detection of 57 nmol L−1 and sensitivity of 14.175 μA μmol−1 L. Remarkably, the ZnO-NprGO/CPE sensor indicated acceptable accuracy, reproducibility, and stability. In addition, the proposed sensor was applied to detection of HCQ in biological samples and the recoveries were 92.0–102.5%, with relative standard deviations of 1.9–4.3%. The unique physical structure of ZnO-NprGO, as well as its chemical and electrical properties, make it promising interface for use in sensors and nanoelectronic applications. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06847-2
spellingShingle Mohammad Amiri
Zahra Hashemi
Fereshteh Chekin
Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
title Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
title_full Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
title_fullStr Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
title_full_unstemmed Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
title_short Zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide-based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
title_sort zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide based hybrid to sensitive detection of hydroxychloroquine in plasma and urine
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06847-2
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AT zahrahashemi zincoxidenanoparticlesdecoratednitrogendopedporousreducedgrapheneoxidebasedhybridtosensitivedetectionofhydroxychloroquineinplasmaandurine
AT fereshtehchekin zincoxidenanoparticlesdecoratednitrogendopedporousreducedgrapheneoxidebasedhybridtosensitivedetectionofhydroxychloroquineinplasmaandurine