Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes
Annona muricata (soursop) leaves are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. This study aimed to develop a nanoemulgel formulation incorporating A. muricata leaf ethanol extract to enhance its efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes, a bacteri...
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Institute for Researches and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Borneo Journal of Pharmacy |
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| Online Access: | https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/5977 |
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| author | Nabila Ikramina Rehana Rehana Rahmad Aji Prasetya Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan |
| author_facet | Nabila Ikramina Rehana Rehana Rahmad Aji Prasetya Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan |
| author_sort | Nabila Ikramina |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Annona muricata (soursop) leaves are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. This study aimed to develop a nanoemulgel formulation incorporating A. muricata leaf ethanol extract to enhance its efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium associated with acne vulgaris. Four nanoemulgel formulations containing varying concentrations of the extract (0%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%) were prepared and evaluated for their physical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and viscosity) and stability through freeze-thaw cycles. The formulation with the highest extract concentration (Formula III) was selected for further characterization (particle size, morphology, and zeta potential) and antimicrobial testing against P. acnes. All formulations met the established physical property and stability criteria. Formula III exhibited a particle size of 20.5 nm and a zeta potential of 9.8 mV, indicating a stable nanoemulsion with well-dispersed particles. Antimicrobial testing revealed that Formula III demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect against P. acnes, with an average inhibition zone of 19.00 mm. These findings suggest that A. muricata leaf extract-loaded nanoemulgel has the potential to be a promising topical formulation for acne treatment. Further research is warranted to optimize the formulation and evaluate its efficacy in clinical settings.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1c55489e328449e18975e4a8e5653fb4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2621-4814 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Institute for Researches and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Borneo Journal of Pharmacy |
| spelling | doaj-art-1c55489e328449e18975e4a8e5653fb42025-01-08T08:42:12ZengInstitute for Researches and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah PalangkarayaBorneo Journal of Pharmacy2621-48142024-11-017410.33084/bjop.v7i4.5977Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnesNabila Ikramina0Rehana Rehana1Rahmad Aji Prasetya2Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan3Jenderal Soedirman UniversityJenderal Soedirman UniversityAkademi Farmasi SurabayaJenderal Soedirman University Annona muricata (soursop) leaves are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. This study aimed to develop a nanoemulgel formulation incorporating A. muricata leaf ethanol extract to enhance its efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium associated with acne vulgaris. Four nanoemulgel formulations containing varying concentrations of the extract (0%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%) were prepared and evaluated for their physical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and viscosity) and stability through freeze-thaw cycles. The formulation with the highest extract concentration (Formula III) was selected for further characterization (particle size, morphology, and zeta potential) and antimicrobial testing against P. acnes. All formulations met the established physical property and stability criteria. Formula III exhibited a particle size of 20.5 nm and a zeta potential of 9.8 mV, indicating a stable nanoemulsion with well-dispersed particles. Antimicrobial testing revealed that Formula III demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect against P. acnes, with an average inhibition zone of 19.00 mm. These findings suggest that A. muricata leaf extract-loaded nanoemulgel has the potential to be a promising topical formulation for acne treatment. Further research is warranted to optimize the formulation and evaluate its efficacy in clinical settings. https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/5977AcneNanoemulgelPropionibacterium acnesAnnona muricata |
| spellingShingle | Nabila Ikramina Rehana Rehana Rahmad Aji Prasetya Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Acne Nanoemulgel Propionibacterium acnes Annona muricata |
| title | Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes |
| title_full | Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes |
| title_fullStr | Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes |
| title_short | Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes |
| title_sort | formulation and evaluation of soursop annona muricata leaf extract nanoemulgel against propionibacterium acnes |
| topic | Acne Nanoemulgel Propionibacterium acnes Annona muricata |
| url | https://journal.umpr.ac.id/index.php/bjop/article/view/5977 |
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