Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance
Physical simulations of single-pass welding on lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) 2404 were performed to obtain heat-affected zones (HAZs) at different cooling rates (200–1 °C/s) to evaluate the effects on microstructure changes and corrosion resistance. The findings showed that fast cooling rates r...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026462 |
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| author | C.L. Kugelmeier R. Silva A.A. Mendes Filho R. Magnabosco A.M. Kliauga C.A.D. Rovere |
| author_facet | C.L. Kugelmeier R. Silva A.A. Mendes Filho R. Magnabosco A.M. Kliauga C.A.D. Rovere |
| author_sort | C.L. Kugelmeier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Physical simulations of single-pass welding on lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) 2404 were performed to obtain heat-affected zones (HAZs) at different cooling rates (200–1 °C/s) to evaluate the effects on microstructure changes and corrosion resistance. The findings showed that fast cooling rates resulted in insufficient austenite formation. The austenite mainly consisted of grain boundary austenite (GBA), Widmanstätten austenite (WA), and intragranular austenite (IGA). For the highest cooling rate, there was a remarkable precipitation of high-temperature Cr nitrides (Cr2N) and a high degree of sensitization (14.90%), significantly impairing the corrosion resistance. The influence of these Cr2N on LDSS 2404 was shown to be influenced by their amount, distribution, the region where precipitation occurred (α/α boundaries and α/γ interfaces), and the cooling rates applied. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1c1a14bb0d654c47b92c7475cf6f5d89 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1c1a14bb0d654c47b92c7475cf6f5d892024-12-26T08:55:37ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542024-11-013375187533Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistanceC.L. Kugelmeier0R. Silva1A.A. Mendes Filho2R. Magnabosco3A.M. Kliauga4C.A.D. Rovere5Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Brazil; Corresponding author. Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, BrazilEngineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, 09210580, Santo André, SP, BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ignatian Educational Foundation – FEI, Av. Humberto A. C. Branco, 3972, 09850-901, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, BrazilFederal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, BrazilMunir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Brazil; Corresponding author. Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil,Physical simulations of single-pass welding on lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) 2404 were performed to obtain heat-affected zones (HAZs) at different cooling rates (200–1 °C/s) to evaluate the effects on microstructure changes and corrosion resistance. The findings showed that fast cooling rates resulted in insufficient austenite formation. The austenite mainly consisted of grain boundary austenite (GBA), Widmanstätten austenite (WA), and intragranular austenite (IGA). For the highest cooling rate, there was a remarkable precipitation of high-temperature Cr nitrides (Cr2N) and a high degree of sensitization (14.90%), significantly impairing the corrosion resistance. The influence of these Cr2N on LDSS 2404 was shown to be influenced by their amount, distribution, the region where precipitation occurred (α/α boundaries and α/γ interfaces), and the cooling rates applied.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026462Lean duplex stainless steel 2404Physical simulationHeat-affected zoneCooling rateMicrostructure evolutionPitting corrosion resistance |
| spellingShingle | C.L. Kugelmeier R. Silva A.A. Mendes Filho R. Magnabosco A.M. Kliauga C.A.D. Rovere Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance Journal of Materials Research and Technology Lean duplex stainless steel 2404 Physical simulation Heat-affected zone Cooling rate Microstructure evolution Pitting corrosion resistance |
| title | Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| title_full | Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| title_fullStr | Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| title_short | Gleeble® simulation of the heat-affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404: Understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| title_sort | gleeble r simulation of the heat affected zones in lean duplex stainless steel 2404 understanding the effect of cooling rates on microstructure evolution and pitting corrosion resistance |
| topic | Lean duplex stainless steel 2404 Physical simulation Heat-affected zone Cooling rate Microstructure evolution Pitting corrosion resistance |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026462 |
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