Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting

We study the dynamic generation of persistent current by phase imprinting fermionic atoms in a ring geometry at zero temperature. Mediated by the pairing interaction, the Fermi condensate dynamically acquires a quantized current by developing azimuthal phase slips, as well as density and pairing-ord...

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Main Authors: Ke-Ji Chen, Wei Yi, Fan Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Physical Society 2025-01-01
Series:Physical Review Research
Online Access:http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013022
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author Ke-Ji Chen
Wei Yi
Fan Wu
author_facet Ke-Ji Chen
Wei Yi
Fan Wu
author_sort Ke-Ji Chen
collection DOAJ
description We study the dynamic generation of persistent current by phase imprinting fermionic atoms in a ring geometry at zero temperature. Mediated by the pairing interaction, the Fermi condensate dynamically acquires a quantized current by developing azimuthal phase slips, as well as density and pairing-order-parameter depletions. Resorting to the Bogolioubov–de Gennes formalism, we investigate the time evolution of the transferred total angular momentum and the quantized superfluid current throughout the phase-imprinting process. This enables a detailed self-consistent analysis of the impact of interaction, as well as different initial pairing states, on the superflow formation, in contrast to previous theoretical analysis based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with artificially imposed phases. In particular, we show that, as the interaction strength increases, the azimuthal density distribution becomes less susceptible to the phase imprinting potential, leading to a smaller quantized current under the same imprinting parameters. Our results offer microscopic insights into the dynamic development of superflow in the phase-imprinting process, and are helpful for the ongoing experimental effort.
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issn 2643-1564
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spelling doaj-art-1af11e96d9264946afba3728fd89201c2025-01-07T15:03:06ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642025-01-017101302210.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013022Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprintingKe-Ji ChenWei YiFan WuWe study the dynamic generation of persistent current by phase imprinting fermionic atoms in a ring geometry at zero temperature. Mediated by the pairing interaction, the Fermi condensate dynamically acquires a quantized current by developing azimuthal phase slips, as well as density and pairing-order-parameter depletions. Resorting to the Bogolioubov–de Gennes formalism, we investigate the time evolution of the transferred total angular momentum and the quantized superfluid current throughout the phase-imprinting process. This enables a detailed self-consistent analysis of the impact of interaction, as well as different initial pairing states, on the superflow formation, in contrast to previous theoretical analysis based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with artificially imposed phases. In particular, we show that, as the interaction strength increases, the azimuthal density distribution becomes less susceptible to the phase imprinting potential, leading to a smaller quantized current under the same imprinting parameters. Our results offer microscopic insights into the dynamic development of superflow in the phase-imprinting process, and are helpful for the ongoing experimental effort.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013022
spellingShingle Ke-Ji Chen
Wei Yi
Fan Wu
Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
Physical Review Research
title Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
title_full Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
title_fullStr Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
title_short Dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
title_sort dynamic generation of superflow in a fermionic ring through phase imprinting
url http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.013022
work_keys_str_mv AT kejichen dynamicgenerationofsuperflowinafermionicringthroughphaseimprinting
AT weiyi dynamicgenerationofsuperflowinafermionicringthroughphaseimprinting
AT fanwu dynamicgenerationofsuperflowinafermionicringthroughphaseimprinting