A phase II/III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of the Gam-COVID-Vac combined vector vaccine in the prophylactic treatment for SARS-СoV-2 infection in the United Arab Emirates

Background: Long-term efficacy and safety profiles of the various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were investigated. Current trial aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the Gam-COVID-Vac combined vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2-induced coronavirus infection up to 6 months post vaccination. Research...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ahmed A.K. AlHammadi, Amna H. Alzaabi, Haneen B. Choker, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Asma Bin Ishaq, Ahmed E. Mahboub, Reem S. Al Dhaheri, Mohamed N. Alzaabi, Timothy A. Collyns, Gehad ElGhazali, Stefan Weber, Basel K. Al-Ramadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Vaccine: X
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136225000920
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background: Long-term efficacy and safety profiles of the various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were investigated. Current trial aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the Gam-COVID-Vac combined vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2-induced coronavirus infection up to 6 months post vaccination. Research design and methods: Participants ≥18 years of age with no prior SARS-COV-2 infection or vaccination were randomized on a 3:1 ratio to receive heterologous recombinant human adenovirus-vectored vaccines or placebo, respectively. Immunogenicity was determined based on quantitative IgG antibodies to viral S and N proteins, virus- neutralizing Abs (VNA), seroconversion rates, and S protein-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. Results: A total of 990 participants were randomized on a 3:1 ratio to vaccine and placebo groups. Majority of Adverse events were mild-moderate. Two doses of vaccine induced VNA in 100 % of participants on Day 42, with geometric mean ratio (GMR) peaking at 120 days with average 24.14 (p < 0.001). Vaccine group showed a very significant GMR for quantitative IgG to S protein. Seroconversion rates were 90.0 %, 83.7 % and 78.9 % on days 42, 120 and 180 (p < 0.001 compared to placebo). A significant rise in the median of S protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T- lymphocytes with a robust IFN-γ response was evident after 28 days compared to baseline. Long-term follow-up demonstrated persistent and significant CD8+ T-cell and IFN-γ responses at 120 days (p = 0.049 and 0.039, respectively) compared to placebo. Conclusions: Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine showed a good safety profile and induced durable humoral and cellular immune responses. The viral-specific CD8+ T-cell response was more durable following vaccination than CD4+ T cell counterpart. Trial Registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT04656613).
ISSN:2590-1362