Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits

Edamame is a vegetable soybean (Glycine max) that is harvested at the R6 growth stage. Although it is relatively new to America, the acreage and market demand of edamame have steadily increased. Developing new cultivars that are more adapted to local environments and crop management systems is signi...

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Main Authors: Guo-Liang Jiang, Patrick Mireku, David Johnson, William Townsend, Amanda Seow, Benjamin Fallen, Rouf Man, Thomas Carter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) 2024-11-01
Series:HortScience
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Online Access:https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1789.xml
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author Guo-Liang Jiang
Patrick Mireku
David Johnson
William Townsend
Amanda Seow
Benjamin Fallen
Rouf Man
Thomas Carter
author_facet Guo-Liang Jiang
Patrick Mireku
David Johnson
William Townsend
Amanda Seow
Benjamin Fallen
Rouf Man
Thomas Carter
author_sort Guo-Liang Jiang
collection DOAJ
description Edamame is a vegetable soybean (Glycine max) that is harvested at the R6 growth stage. Although it is relatively new to America, the acreage and market demand of edamame have steadily increased. Developing new cultivars that are more adapted to local environments and crop management systems is significantly important to promoting specialty crop production and meeting the market requirements. In this study, 10 edamame breeding lines and four check cultivars were evaluated during 2020–23 to determine the potential production in the southeastern United States. Among genotypes, there were significant differences in the fresh pod and mature seed yields and agronomic and seed composition traits that were investigated. The year effects and genotype × year interactions were also significant in most cases. Fresh pod and mature seed yields were not significantly correlated with most of other agronomic traits and seed compositions. Over 4 years, the fresh pod yield averaged 11,227.5 kg·ha−1 (range, 9800.1–13,154.3 kg·ha−1), and the mature seed yield averaged 2814.7 kg·ha−1 (range, 2029.2–3175.2 kg·ha−1). The average 100-seed weight of 14 genotypes was 26.9 g (range, 23.1–30.1 g), and the average seed size of nine breeding lines was larger than that of the check. Maturity occurred on average 153.3 days after planting (range, 147.1–159.5 days). Based on dry weight, seed protein, oil, and sucrose contents had averages of 43.5%, 18.7%, and 5.0%, respectively. The estimates of broad-sense heritability were medium to high (66.82%–94.90%) for most of the traits, whereas the heritability estimates for fresh pod yield and duration from flowering to maturity were relatively low (23.44%–42.29%). Several breeding lines exhibited good yield, larger seed size, and higher contents of protein, oil, and oleic acid, suggesting the potential of release and commercial production.
format Article
id doaj-art-18f0e7be9c8c494c8ae97d46cca8d209
institution Kabale University
issn 2327-9834
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)
record_format Article
series HortScience
spelling doaj-art-18f0e7be9c8c494c8ae97d46cca8d2092024-11-13T17:52:18ZengAmerican Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS)HortScience2327-98342024-11-015912https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI18166-24Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition TraitsGuo-Liang Jiang0Patrick Mireku1David Johnson2William Townsend3Amanda Seow4Benjamin Fallen5Rouf Man6Thomas Carter7Virginia State University, Agricultural Research StationVirginia State University, Agricultural Research StationVirginia State University, Agricultural Research StationVirginia State University, Agricultural Research StationVirginia State University, Agricultural Research StationSoybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-ARSSoybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-ARSSoybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-ARSEdamame is a vegetable soybean (Glycine max) that is harvested at the R6 growth stage. Although it is relatively new to America, the acreage and market demand of edamame have steadily increased. Developing new cultivars that are more adapted to local environments and crop management systems is significantly important to promoting specialty crop production and meeting the market requirements. In this study, 10 edamame breeding lines and four check cultivars were evaluated during 2020–23 to determine the potential production in the southeastern United States. Among genotypes, there were significant differences in the fresh pod and mature seed yields and agronomic and seed composition traits that were investigated. The year effects and genotype × year interactions were also significant in most cases. Fresh pod and mature seed yields were not significantly correlated with most of other agronomic traits and seed compositions. Over 4 years, the fresh pod yield averaged 11,227.5 kg·ha−1 (range, 9800.1–13,154.3 kg·ha−1), and the mature seed yield averaged 2814.7 kg·ha−1 (range, 2029.2–3175.2 kg·ha−1). The average 100-seed weight of 14 genotypes was 26.9 g (range, 23.1–30.1 g), and the average seed size of nine breeding lines was larger than that of the check. Maturity occurred on average 153.3 days after planting (range, 147.1–159.5 days). Based on dry weight, seed protein, oil, and sucrose contents had averages of 43.5%, 18.7%, and 5.0%, respectively. The estimates of broad-sense heritability were medium to high (66.82%–94.90%) for most of the traits, whereas the heritability estimates for fresh pod yield and duration from flowering to maturity were relatively low (23.44%–42.29%). Several breeding lines exhibited good yield, larger seed size, and higher contents of protein, oil, and oleic acid, suggesting the potential of release and commercial production.https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1789.xmlagronomic performancefresh edamame yieldmature seed yieldseed sizevegetable soybeanseed composition
spellingShingle Guo-Liang Jiang
Patrick Mireku
David Johnson
William Townsend
Amanda Seow
Benjamin Fallen
Rouf Man
Thomas Carter
Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
HortScience
agronomic performance
fresh edamame yield
mature seed yield
seed size
vegetable soybean
seed composition
title Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
title_full Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
title_fullStr Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
title_short Evaluation of 10 Edamame Breeding Lines to Determine Yield, Agronomic, and Seed Composition Traits
title_sort evaluation of 10 edamame breeding lines to determine yield agronomic and seed composition traits
topic agronomic performance
fresh edamame yield
mature seed yield
seed size
vegetable soybean
seed composition
url https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/12/article-p1789.xml
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AT davidjohnson evaluationof10edamamebreedinglinestodetermineyieldagronomicandseedcompositiontraits
AT williamtownsend evaluationof10edamamebreedinglinestodetermineyieldagronomicandseedcompositiontraits
AT amandaseow evaluationof10edamamebreedinglinestodetermineyieldagronomicandseedcompositiontraits
AT benjaminfallen evaluationof10edamamebreedinglinestodetermineyieldagronomicandseedcompositiontraits
AT roufman evaluationof10edamamebreedinglinestodetermineyieldagronomicandseedcompositiontraits
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