Effects of Temperature and Carrier Gas on Phosphorus Transformation in Biosolids Biochar
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants. The focus of this work is to recover P from biosolids and their derived biochar. The effect of three different pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C) and two carrier gases (CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>)...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Land |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2132 |
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| Summary: | Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants. The focus of this work is to recover P from biosolids and their derived biochar. The effect of three different pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C) and two carrier gases (CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>) on P fractionation and the speciation of P on biochars produced from two biosolids were investigated. The Hedley chemical sequential extraction method and <sup>31</sup>P liquid NMR were used for P characterization and quantification. Higher pyrolysis temperatures increased P fixation and decreased short-term P bioavailability. Carrier gas had also significant effects on P fractionation in the biochars. Biochar produced in a CO<sub>2</sub> environment had slightly higher water-soluble P, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>i</sub>, NaOH-P<sub>i</sub>, and residual P than in biochar prepared in a N<sub>2</sub> environment, while HCl-P showed the opposite trend. Additionally, the predominant molecular configuration of P was present in the inorganic form identified by <sup>31</sup>P liquid NMR spectra, while organic P transformed into inorganic P with increasing pyrolysis temperature. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-445X |