Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
Objective: Autophagy plays a significant role in breast cancer tumorigenesis, including triple-negative breast cancer. Research indicates that hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone modulate autophagy, potentially suppressing its activity. However, their combined effects on aut...
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Hitit University
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Hitit Medical Journal |
| Online Access: | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/doi/10.52827/hititmedj.1472196 |
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| author | Tuğcan Korak Merve Gulsen Bal Albayrak Sevinc Yanar Gürler Akpınar Murat Kasap |
| author_facet | Tuğcan Korak Merve Gulsen Bal Albayrak Sevinc Yanar Gürler Akpınar Murat Kasap |
| author_sort | Tuğcan Korak |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Objective: Autophagy plays a significant role in breast cancer tumorigenesis, including triple-negative breast cancer. Research indicates that hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone modulate autophagy, potentially suppressing its activity. However, their combined effects on autophagy in triple-negative breast cancer remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-cancer and autophagy-modulating effects of hydroxychloroquine-thymoquinone combination on triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro.Material and Method: The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated after treatment with hydroxychloroquine (10-210 µM) and thymoquinone (5-45 µM) for 24 and 48 hours using the WST-1 assay. Combination effects were analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method with CompuSyn (v.10). Autophagic vesicles were visualized using an Autophagy Detection Kit and fluorescence microscopy to investigate their role in the decrease in cell viability. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism (v.8.3.0).Results: At both 24- and 48-hour intervals post-treatment, a significant decrease in viability was observed for both hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone treatments individually (p1). At 24 hours, favorable dose reduction effects were evident (dose reduction index >1), while the 48-hour results showed an unfavorable reduction (dose reduction index |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-171fa73221134ebd9d2fb1a5feddb0db |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2687-4717 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Hitit University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hitit Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-171fa73221134ebd9d2fb1a5feddb0db2025-01-12T07:11:01ZengHitit UniversityHitit Medical Journal2687-47172024-10-016324625610.52827/hititmedj.1472196 Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment Tuğcan Korak0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-4022Merve Gulsen Bal Albayrak1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2444-4258Sevinc Yanar2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-7385Gürler Akpınar3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9675-3714Murat Kasap4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-2096Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALISAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HİSTOLOJİ VE EMBRİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALIKOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALIKOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI Objective: Autophagy plays a significant role in breast cancer tumorigenesis, including triple-negative breast cancer. Research indicates that hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone modulate autophagy, potentially suppressing its activity. However, their combined effects on autophagy in triple-negative breast cancer remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-cancer and autophagy-modulating effects of hydroxychloroquine-thymoquinone combination on triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro.Material and Method: The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated after treatment with hydroxychloroquine (10-210 µM) and thymoquinone (5-45 µM) for 24 and 48 hours using the WST-1 assay. Combination effects were analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method with CompuSyn (v.10). Autophagic vesicles were visualized using an Autophagy Detection Kit and fluorescence microscopy to investigate their role in the decrease in cell viability. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism (v.8.3.0).Results: At both 24- and 48-hour intervals post-treatment, a significant decrease in viability was observed for both hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone treatments individually (p1). At 24 hours, favorable dose reduction effects were evident (dose reduction index >1), while the 48-hour results showed an unfavorable reduction (dose reduction indexhttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/doi/10.52827/hititmedj.1472196 |
| spellingShingle | Tuğcan Korak Merve Gulsen Bal Albayrak Sevinc Yanar Gürler Akpınar Murat Kasap Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment Hitit Medical Journal |
| title |
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
|
| title_full |
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
|
| title_fullStr |
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
|
| title_full_unstemmed |
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
|
| title_short |
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
|
| title_sort | decreased autophagic activity in triple negative breast cancer cells upon hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone combination treatment |
| url | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/doi/10.52827/hititmedj.1472196 |
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