Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Abstract Soil nitrogen (N) transformation is an essential portion of the N cycle in wetland ecosystems, governing the retention status of soil N by controlling the effective soil N content. N deposition produced by human activities changes the physical characteristics of soil, affecting N fractions...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83285-8 |
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| author | Jiangqi Wu Haiyan Wang Guang Li Nan Chen |
| author_facet | Jiangqi Wu Haiyan Wang Guang Li Nan Chen |
| author_sort | Jiangqi Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Soil nitrogen (N) transformation is an essential portion of the N cycle in wetland ecosystems, governing the retention status of soil N by controlling the effective soil N content. N deposition produced by human activities changes the physical characteristics of soil, affecting N fractions and enzyme activities. To characterize these influences, three different N addition levels (N5, 5 g/m2; N10, 10 g/m2; N15, 15 g/m2) were established using a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) as a control treatment (0 g/m2). We investigated the features of soil physical property alterations, N fractions contents, and enzyme activities under N addition conditions throughout the peak plant growth season. Our findings indicated that N addition significantly enhanced soil aeration, porosity, total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 −) content, and urease activity. At the same time, it decreased soil dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content and bulk density (BD). Additionally, N addition treatment exerted a significant seasonal impact on soil nitrogen component content. The nitrogen component content within the surface soil (0–10 cm) under four treatments is more sensitive to N addition, whereas the nitrogen component in the deep soil is relatively stable. Principal component analysis demonstrated that soil aeration and porosity were the primary factors affecting soil N fractions and enzyme activities. The findings suggested that lower levels of N addition promoted the transformation process of soil N pools in wet meadows and exacerbated the loss of N in wetland ecosystems. Our findings indicate that sustained increases in N deposition will accelerate soil microbial N cycling, potentially overcoming N limitation in alpine wetland ecosystems and exacerbating the risk of N loss and greenhouse gas emissions from alpine wetland surface soils. |
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| id | doaj-art-15a9ab703edd4f93b4dc28a52d289331 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-15a9ab703edd4f93b4dc28a52d2893312025-01-05T12:29:16ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-83285-8Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet PlateauJiangqi Wu0Haiyan Wang1Guang Li2Nan Chen3Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou City UniversityCollege of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural UniversityWushan County Productivity Promotion CenterAbstract Soil nitrogen (N) transformation is an essential portion of the N cycle in wetland ecosystems, governing the retention status of soil N by controlling the effective soil N content. N deposition produced by human activities changes the physical characteristics of soil, affecting N fractions and enzyme activities. To characterize these influences, three different N addition levels (N5, 5 g/m2; N10, 10 g/m2; N15, 15 g/m2) were established using a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) as a control treatment (0 g/m2). We investigated the features of soil physical property alterations, N fractions contents, and enzyme activities under N addition conditions throughout the peak plant growth season. Our findings indicated that N addition significantly enhanced soil aeration, porosity, total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 −) content, and urease activity. At the same time, it decreased soil dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content and bulk density (BD). Additionally, N addition treatment exerted a significant seasonal impact on soil nitrogen component content. The nitrogen component content within the surface soil (0–10 cm) under four treatments is more sensitive to N addition, whereas the nitrogen component in the deep soil is relatively stable. Principal component analysis demonstrated that soil aeration and porosity were the primary factors affecting soil N fractions and enzyme activities. The findings suggested that lower levels of N addition promoted the transformation process of soil N pools in wet meadows and exacerbated the loss of N in wetland ecosystems. Our findings indicate that sustained increases in N deposition will accelerate soil microbial N cycling, potentially overcoming N limitation in alpine wetland ecosystems and exacerbating the risk of N loss and greenhouse gas emissions from alpine wetland surface soils.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83285-8Nitrogen additionNitrogen fractionsEnzymatic activityQinghai-Tibet PlateauSoil physical properties |
| spellingShingle | Jiangqi Wu Haiyan Wang Guang Li Nan Chen Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Scientific Reports Nitrogen addition Nitrogen fractions Enzymatic activity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Soil physical properties |
| title | Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| title_full | Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| title_short | Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities in wet meadow of the qinghai tibet plateau |
| topic | Nitrogen addition Nitrogen fractions Enzymatic activity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Soil physical properties |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83285-8 |
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