Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review
Global concerns about pollution reduction, associated with the continuous technological development of electronic equipment raises challenge for the future regarding lithium-ion batteries exploitation, use, and recovery through recycling of critical metals. Several human and environmental issues are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/277 |
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| author | Geani Teodor Man Andreea Maria Iordache Ramona Zgavarogea Constantin Nechita |
| author_facet | Geani Teodor Man Andreea Maria Iordache Ramona Zgavarogea Constantin Nechita |
| author_sort | Geani Teodor Man |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global concerns about pollution reduction, associated with the continuous technological development of electronic equipment raises challenge for the future regarding lithium-ion batteries exploitation, use, and recovery through recycling of critical metals. Several human and environmental issues are reported, including related diseases caused by lithium waste. Lithium in Li-ion batteries can be recovered through various methods to prevent environmental contamination, and Li can be reused as a recyclable resource. Classical technologies for recovering lithium from batteries are associated with various environmental issues, so lithium recovery remains challenging. However, the emergence of membrane processes has opened new research directions in lithium recovery, offering hope for more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions. These processes can be integrated into current industrial recycling flows, having a high recovery potential and paving the way for a more sustainable future. A second method, biolexivation, is eco-friendly, but this point illustrates significant drawbacks when used on an industrial scale. We discussed toxicity induced by metals associated with Li to iron-oxidizing bacteria, which needs further study since it causes low recycling efficiency. One major environmental problem is the low efficiency of the recovery of Li from the water cycle, which affects global-scale safety. Still, electromembranes can offer promising solutions in the future, but there is needed to update regulations to actual needs for both producing and recycling LIB. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-150ffd1775a44b7b849cee6557dfc5d7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj-art-150ffd1775a44b7b849cee6557dfc5d72024-12-27T14:39:24ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752024-12-01141227710.3390/membranes14120277Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature ReviewGeani Teodor Man0Andreea Maria Iordache1Ramona Zgavarogea2Constantin Nechita3Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaNational Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, RomaniaNational Research and Development Institute for Forestry “Marin Drăcea”—INCDS, 128 Boulvard Eroilor, 077190 Voluntari, RomaniaGlobal concerns about pollution reduction, associated with the continuous technological development of electronic equipment raises challenge for the future regarding lithium-ion batteries exploitation, use, and recovery through recycling of critical metals. Several human and environmental issues are reported, including related diseases caused by lithium waste. Lithium in Li-ion batteries can be recovered through various methods to prevent environmental contamination, and Li can be reused as a recyclable resource. Classical technologies for recovering lithium from batteries are associated with various environmental issues, so lithium recovery remains challenging. However, the emergence of membrane processes has opened new research directions in lithium recovery, offering hope for more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions. These processes can be integrated into current industrial recycling flows, having a high recovery potential and paving the way for a more sustainable future. A second method, biolexivation, is eco-friendly, but this point illustrates significant drawbacks when used on an industrial scale. We discussed toxicity induced by metals associated with Li to iron-oxidizing bacteria, which needs further study since it causes low recycling efficiency. One major environmental problem is the low efficiency of the recovery of Li from the water cycle, which affects global-scale safety. Still, electromembranes can offer promising solutions in the future, but there is needed to update regulations to actual needs for both producing and recycling LIB.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/277lithium toxicologylithium-ion batteries recyclingelectromigration processmembrane processeselectromigration processcircular economy |
| spellingShingle | Geani Teodor Man Andreea Maria Iordache Ramona Zgavarogea Constantin Nechita Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review Membranes lithium toxicology lithium-ion batteries recycling electromigration process membrane processes electromigration process circular economy |
| title | Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review |
| title_full | Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review |
| title_short | Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries—Technologies, Environmental, Human Health, and Economic Issues—Mini-Systematic Literature Review |
| title_sort | recycling lithium ion batteries technologies environmental human health and economic issues mini systematic literature review |
| topic | lithium toxicology lithium-ion batteries recycling electromigration process membrane processes electromigration process circular economy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/277 |
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