A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 indepen...

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Main Authors: Polina Brangel, Sina Tureli, Barbara Mühlemann, Nicole Liechti, Daniel Zysset, Olivier Engler, Isabel Hunger-Glaser, Ioana Ghiga, Giada Mattiuzzo, Isabella Eckerle, Meriem Bekliz, Annika Rössler, Melanie M. Schmitt, Ludwig Knabl, Janine Kimpel, Luis Fernando Lopez Tort, Mia Ferreira de Araujo, Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira, Braulia Costa Caetano, Marilda Mendonça Siqueira, Matthias Budt, Jean-Marc Gensch, Thorsten Wolff, Tarteel Hassan, Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj, Tandile Hermanus, Prudence Kgagudi, Carol Crowther, Simone I. Richardson, Jinal N. Bhiman, Penny L. Moore, Samuel M. S. Cheng, John K. C. Li, Leo L. M. Poon, Malik Peiris, Victor M. Corman, Christian Drosten, Lilin Lai, Taweewun Hunsawong, Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit, Jindarat Lohachanakul, Alex Sigal, Khadija Khan, Volker Thiel, G. Tuba Barut, Nadine Ebert, Anna Z. Mykytyn, Irene Owusu Donkor, James Odame Aboagye, Prince Adom Nartey, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Jane Cunningham, Bart L. Haagmans, Mehul S. Suthar, Derek Smith, Lorenzo Subissi
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1936
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author Polina Brangel
Sina Tureli
Barbara Mühlemann
Nicole Liechti
Daniel Zysset
Olivier Engler
Isabel Hunger-Glaser
Ioana Ghiga
Giada Mattiuzzo
Isabella Eckerle
Meriem Bekliz
Annika Rössler
Melanie M. Schmitt
Ludwig Knabl
Janine Kimpel
Luis Fernando Lopez Tort
Mia Ferreira de Araujo
Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira
Braulia Costa Caetano
Marilda Mendonça Siqueira
Matthias Budt
Jean-Marc Gensch
Thorsten Wolff
Tarteel Hassan
Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj
Tandile Hermanus
Prudence Kgagudi
Carol Crowther
Simone I. Richardson
Jinal N. Bhiman
Penny L. Moore
Samuel M. S. Cheng
John K. C. Li
Leo L. M. Poon
Malik Peiris
Victor M. Corman
Christian Drosten
Lilin Lai
Taweewun Hunsawong
Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit
Jindarat Lohachanakul
Alex Sigal
Khadija Khan
Volker Thiel
G. Tuba Barut
Nadine Ebert
Anna Z. Mykytyn
Irene Owusu Donkor
James Odame Aboagye
Prince Adom Nartey
Maria D. Van Kerkhove
Jane Cunningham
Bart L. Haagmans
Mehul S. Suthar
Derek Smith
Lorenzo Subissi
author_facet Polina Brangel
Sina Tureli
Barbara Mühlemann
Nicole Liechti
Daniel Zysset
Olivier Engler
Isabel Hunger-Glaser
Ioana Ghiga
Giada Mattiuzzo
Isabella Eckerle
Meriem Bekliz
Annika Rössler
Melanie M. Schmitt
Ludwig Knabl
Janine Kimpel
Luis Fernando Lopez Tort
Mia Ferreira de Araujo
Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira
Braulia Costa Caetano
Marilda Mendonça Siqueira
Matthias Budt
Jean-Marc Gensch
Thorsten Wolff
Tarteel Hassan
Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj
Tandile Hermanus
Prudence Kgagudi
Carol Crowther
Simone I. Richardson
Jinal N. Bhiman
Penny L. Moore
Samuel M. S. Cheng
John K. C. Li
Leo L. M. Poon
Malik Peiris
Victor M. Corman
Christian Drosten
Lilin Lai
Taweewun Hunsawong
Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit
Jindarat Lohachanakul
Alex Sigal
Khadija Khan
Volker Thiel
G. Tuba Barut
Nadine Ebert
Anna Z. Mykytyn
Irene Owusu Donkor
James Odame Aboagye
Prince Adom Nartey
Maria D. Van Kerkhove
Jane Cunningham
Bart L. Haagmans
Mehul S. Suthar
Derek Smith
Lorenzo Subissi
author_sort Polina Brangel
collection DOAJ
description Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out a controlled analysis of neutralisation assay platforms using the first WHO International Standard for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (source: NIBSC). Live virus isolates (source: WHO BioHub or individual labs) or spike plasmids (individual labs) for pseudovirus production were used to perform neutralisation assays using the same serum panels. When comparing fold drops, excellent data consistency was observed across the labs using common reagents, including between pseudovirus and live virus neutralisation assays (RMSD of data from mean fold drop was 0.59). Utilising a Bayesian model, geometric mean titres and assay titre magnitudes (offsets) can describe the data efficiently. Titre magnitudes were seen to vary largely even for labs within the same assay group. We have observed that overall, live Microneutralisation assays tend to have the lowest titres, whereas Pseudovirus Neutralisation have the highest (with a mean difference of 3.2 log2 units between the two). These findings are relevant for laboratory networks, such as the WHO Coronavirus Laboratory Network (CoViNet), that seek to support a global surveillance system for evolution and antigenic characterisation of variants to support monitoring of population immunity and vaccine composition policy.
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spelling doaj-art-14699f78c404432c848db5d5389e47d02024-12-27T14:59:18ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-12-011612193610.3390/v16121936A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 LaboratoriesPolina Brangel0Sina Tureli1Barbara Mühlemann2Nicole Liechti3Daniel Zysset4Olivier Engler5Isabel Hunger-Glaser6Ioana Ghiga7Giada Mattiuzzo8Isabella Eckerle9Meriem Bekliz10Annika Rössler11Melanie M. Schmitt12Ludwig Knabl13Janine Kimpel14Luis Fernando Lopez Tort15Mia Ferreira de Araujo16Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira17Braulia Costa Caetano18Marilda Mendonça Siqueira19Matthias Budt20Jean-Marc Gensch21Thorsten Wolff22Tarteel Hassan23Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj24Tandile Hermanus25Prudence Kgagudi26Carol Crowther27Simone I. Richardson28Jinal N. Bhiman29Penny L. Moore30Samuel M. S. Cheng31John K. C. Li32Leo L. M. Poon33Malik Peiris34Victor M. Corman35Christian Drosten36Lilin Lai37Taweewun Hunsawong38Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit39Jindarat Lohachanakul40Alex Sigal41Khadija Khan42Volker Thiel43G. Tuba Barut44Nadine Ebert45Anna Z. Mykytyn46Irene Owusu Donkor47James Odame Aboagye48Prince Adom Nartey49Maria D. Van Kerkhove50Jane Cunningham51Bart L. Haagmans52Mehul S. Suthar53Derek Smith54Lorenzo Subissi55World Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, SwitzerlandCentre for Pathogen Evolution, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UKCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, GermanyWHO BioHub Facility, Spiez Laboratory, 3700 Spiez, SwitzerlandWHO BioHub Facility, Spiez Laboratory, 3700 Spiez, SwitzerlandWHO BioHub Facility, Spiez Laboratory, 3700 Spiez, SwitzerlandWHO BioHub Facility, Spiez Laboratory, 3700 Spiez, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, SwitzerlandMedicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London SW1W 9SZ, UKDepartment of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaTyrolpath Obrist Brunhuber GmbH, 6511 Zams, AustriaInstitute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaLaboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematous and Enteric Viruses and Viral Emergencies (LVRE), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21.040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematous and Enteric Viruses and Viral Emergencies (LVRE), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21.040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematous and Enteric Viruses and Viral Emergencies (LVRE), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21.040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematous and Enteric Viruses and Viral Emergencies (LVRE), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21.040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematous and Enteric Viruses and Viral Emergencies (LVRE), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21.040-900, BrazilUnit 17 “Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses”, Robert Koch Institut, 13353 Berlin, GermanyUnit 17 “Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses”, Robert Koch Institut, 13353 Berlin, GermanyUnit 17 “Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses”, Robert Koch Institut, 13353 Berlin, GermanyReference Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Purelab, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi 51900, United Arab EmiratesReference Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Purelab, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi 51900, United Arab EmiratesSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSAMRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, GermanyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAWalter Reed Army Institute of Research-Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10500, ThailandWalter Reed Army Institute of Research-Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10500, ThailandWalter Reed Army Institute of Research-Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10500, ThailandThe Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, IsraelAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban 4013, South AfricaMultidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandMultidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandMultidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandErasmus Medical Centre, 3015 Rotterdam, The NetherlandsMedical and Scientific Research Centre, University of Ghana Medical Centre, Accra P.O. Box LG 25, GhanaMedical and Scientific Research Centre, University of Ghana Medical Centre, Accra P.O. Box LG 25, GhanaNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 581, GhanaWorld Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, SwitzerlandErasmus Medical Centre, 3015 Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USACentre for Pathogen Evolution, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UKWorld Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, SwitzerlandSetting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out a controlled analysis of neutralisation assay platforms using the first WHO International Standard for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (source: NIBSC). Live virus isolates (source: WHO BioHub or individual labs) or spike plasmids (individual labs) for pseudovirus production were used to perform neutralisation assays using the same serum panels. When comparing fold drops, excellent data consistency was observed across the labs using common reagents, including between pseudovirus and live virus neutralisation assays (RMSD of data from mean fold drop was 0.59). Utilising a Bayesian model, geometric mean titres and assay titre magnitudes (offsets) can describe the data efficiently. Titre magnitudes were seen to vary largely even for labs within the same assay group. We have observed that overall, live Microneutralisation assays tend to have the lowest titres, whereas Pseudovirus Neutralisation have the highest (with a mean difference of 3.2 log2 units between the two). These findings are relevant for laboratory networks, such as the WHO Coronavirus Laboratory Network (CoViNet), that seek to support a global surveillance system for evolution and antigenic characterisation of variants to support monitoring of population immunity and vaccine composition policy.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1936neutralisationantigenicitySARS-CoV-2COVID-19Bayesian modelglobal surveillance
spellingShingle Polina Brangel
Sina Tureli
Barbara Mühlemann
Nicole Liechti
Daniel Zysset
Olivier Engler
Isabel Hunger-Glaser
Ioana Ghiga
Giada Mattiuzzo
Isabella Eckerle
Meriem Bekliz
Annika Rössler
Melanie M. Schmitt
Ludwig Knabl
Janine Kimpel
Luis Fernando Lopez Tort
Mia Ferreira de Araujo
Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira
Braulia Costa Caetano
Marilda Mendonça Siqueira
Matthias Budt
Jean-Marc Gensch
Thorsten Wolff
Tarteel Hassan
Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj
Tandile Hermanus
Prudence Kgagudi
Carol Crowther
Simone I. Richardson
Jinal N. Bhiman
Penny L. Moore
Samuel M. S. Cheng
John K. C. Li
Leo L. M. Poon
Malik Peiris
Victor M. Corman
Christian Drosten
Lilin Lai
Taweewun Hunsawong
Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit
Jindarat Lohachanakul
Alex Sigal
Khadija Khan
Volker Thiel
G. Tuba Barut
Nadine Ebert
Anna Z. Mykytyn
Irene Owusu Donkor
James Odame Aboagye
Prince Adom Nartey
Maria D. Van Kerkhove
Jane Cunningham
Bart L. Haagmans
Mehul S. Suthar
Derek Smith
Lorenzo Subissi
A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
Viruses
neutralisation
antigenicity
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Bayesian model
global surveillance
title A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
title_full A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
title_fullStr A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
title_full_unstemmed A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
title_short A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories
title_sort global collaborative comparison of sars cov 2 antigenicity across 15 laboratories
topic neutralisation
antigenicity
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Bayesian model
global surveillance
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1936
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