Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study

SAGD is one of the steam recovery methods of heavy oil, which is typically performed using one horizontal injection well and one horizontal production well. However, multiple injection and production wells might also be utilized. Recently, studies of this method involving steam injection rate and pr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhengbin Wu, Morice Richard Mworia, Kun Shu, Yuhang Ren, Qiyang Gou, Shu Jiang, Zhangxin Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-10-01
Series:Unconventional Resources
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000986
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849339181537427456
author Zhengbin Wu
Morice Richard Mworia
Kun Shu
Yuhang Ren
Qiyang Gou
Shu Jiang
Zhangxin Chen
author_facet Zhengbin Wu
Morice Richard Mworia
Kun Shu
Yuhang Ren
Qiyang Gou
Shu Jiang
Zhangxin Chen
author_sort Zhengbin Wu
collection DOAJ
description SAGD is one of the steam recovery methods of heavy oil, which is typically performed using one horizontal injection well and one horizontal production well. However, multiple injection and production wells might also be utilized. Recently, studies of this method involving steam injection rate and pressure parameterization were performed over limited ranges of these parameters, with limited knowledge of steam injection rate characterization based on different levels of average homogeneity and heterogeneity of permeability systems. Moreover, there are no simulation studies of vertical injectors and multiple horizontal injection wells, or steam injection rates characterization. This paper examines these limitations considering the reservoir and fluid properties of the Liaohe heavy oil field in China. It is revealed that elevating pressures for a given steam injection rate do not have a significant impact on heavy oil recovery performance factors. A recommendation of injection at slightly higher than the initial reservoir pressure (6.3 MPa), which is 6.5 MPa to compensate for steam compression costs. Increasing the steam injection rate within a limited range provides a larger volume for the steam chambers that raise the average reservoir temperature and result in higher oil recovery factors. The positive-rhythm reservoir (permeability rises from the top to the bottom of the reservoir) extracts more oil than that of the negative-rhythm one (permeability decreases from the top to the bottom of the reservoir). The vertical injector has better oil-sweep efficiency compared with the horizontal injector due to more expandable steam chambers with a very small steam chamber rising stage. Two horizontal injectors at the same total steam injection rate as conventional SAGD enhance the oil recovery factor (an increment of up to 15.24 %) and reduce cumulative steam-oil ratio by 3.64.
format Article
id doaj-art-13a0257ff9f24b3ab3dbed9f4541decf
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-5190
language English
publishDate 2025-10-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Unconventional Resources
spelling doaj-art-13a0257ff9f24b3ab3dbed9f4541decf2025-08-20T03:44:11ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Unconventional Resources2666-51902025-10-01810023210.1016/j.uncres.2025.100232Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation studyZhengbin Wu0Morice Richard Mworia1Kun Shu2Yuhang Ren3Qiyang Gou4Shu Jiang5Zhangxin Chen6State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing, 100728, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Oil & Gas Reservoirs Production, Sinopec, Beijing, 100728, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, ChinaKey Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Petroleum Science and Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35091, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.Research Institute of Exploration & Development, PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company, Hami, 839009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, ChinaKey Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, ChinaKey Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, CanadaSAGD is one of the steam recovery methods of heavy oil, which is typically performed using one horizontal injection well and one horizontal production well. However, multiple injection and production wells might also be utilized. Recently, studies of this method involving steam injection rate and pressure parameterization were performed over limited ranges of these parameters, with limited knowledge of steam injection rate characterization based on different levels of average homogeneity and heterogeneity of permeability systems. Moreover, there are no simulation studies of vertical injectors and multiple horizontal injection wells, or steam injection rates characterization. This paper examines these limitations considering the reservoir and fluid properties of the Liaohe heavy oil field in China. It is revealed that elevating pressures for a given steam injection rate do not have a significant impact on heavy oil recovery performance factors. A recommendation of injection at slightly higher than the initial reservoir pressure (6.3 MPa), which is 6.5 MPa to compensate for steam compression costs. Increasing the steam injection rate within a limited range provides a larger volume for the steam chambers that raise the average reservoir temperature and result in higher oil recovery factors. The positive-rhythm reservoir (permeability rises from the top to the bottom of the reservoir) extracts more oil than that of the negative-rhythm one (permeability decreases from the top to the bottom of the reservoir). The vertical injector has better oil-sweep efficiency compared with the horizontal injector due to more expandable steam chambers with a very small steam chamber rising stage. Two horizontal injectors at the same total steam injection rate as conventional SAGD enhance the oil recovery factor (an increment of up to 15.24 %) and reduce cumulative steam-oil ratio by 3.64.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000986SAGDInjection pressure and rateReservoir permeabilityOil recovery factorSOR
spellingShingle Zhengbin Wu
Morice Richard Mworia
Kun Shu
Yuhang Ren
Qiyang Gou
Shu Jiang
Zhangxin Chen
Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
Unconventional Resources
SAGD
Injection pressure and rate
Reservoir permeability
Oil recovery factor
SOR
title Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
title_full Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
title_fullStr Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
title_full_unstemmed Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
title_short Steam injection pressures and rates, variable permeabilities systems, and wells alignments parameterization in SAGD: A simulation study
title_sort steam injection pressures and rates variable permeabilities systems and wells alignments parameterization in sagd a simulation study
topic SAGD
Injection pressure and rate
Reservoir permeability
Oil recovery factor
SOR
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666519025000986
work_keys_str_mv AT zhengbinwu steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT moricerichardmworia steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT kunshu steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT yuhangren steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT qiyanggou steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT shujiang steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy
AT zhangxinchen steaminjectionpressuresandratesvariablepermeabilitiessystemsandwellsalignmentsparameterizationinsagdasimulationstudy