Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study

BackgroundLong-term care hospitals have been considered an efficient response to the health care needs of an increasingly aging population. These centers are expected to contribute to better hospital bed management and more personalized care for patients needing continuous ca...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: José Joaquín Mira, Daniel García-Torres, María del Mar Bonell-Guerrero, Ana Isabel Cáceres-Sevilla, Martina Ramirez-Sanz, Rosa Martínez-Lleo, Concepción Carratalá
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JMIR Publications 2024-11-01
Series:Interactive Journal of Medical Research
Online Access:https://www.i-jmr.org/2024/1/e64248
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846163026636439552
author José Joaquín Mira
Daniel García-Torres
María del Mar Bonell-Guerrero
Ana Isabel Cáceres-Sevilla
Martina Ramirez-Sanz
Rosa Martínez-Lleo
Concepción Carratalá
author_facet José Joaquín Mira
Daniel García-Torres
María del Mar Bonell-Guerrero
Ana Isabel Cáceres-Sevilla
Martina Ramirez-Sanz
Rosa Martínez-Lleo
Concepción Carratalá
author_sort José Joaquín Mira
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundLong-term care hospitals have been considered an efficient response to the health care needs of an increasingly aging population. These centers are expected to contribute to better hospital bed management and more personalized care for patients needing continuous care. The evaluation of their outcomes is necessary after a sufficient period to assess their impact. Hospitals for Acute and Chronic Long-Term Extended Stay (HACLES) emerged in Spain in the late 20th century as a response to the aging population and the increase in chronic diseases. ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the profile of patients treated in a HACLES, particularly analyzing gender differences, and evaluate the cost savings associated with using these centers. MethodsA retrospective study was conducted based on data from patients 65 years old or older admitted to a HACLES between 2022 and 2023. Gender, age, household cohabitation data, diagnosis and comorbidity, daily medication intake, and degree of dependency were obtained to describe the profile of patients who attended the HACLES. Data coded in SIA-Abucasis (version 37.00.03; Consellería Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana; a digital medical record system used in the Valencian region) were reviewed, and descriptive statistics and comparison tests were used. The direct cost savings of HACLES admissions were calculated by comparing the daily cost of a general hospital bed with that of a HACLES bed. ResultsData from 123 patients with a mean age of 77 years were analyzed. Most (n=81, 65.9%) had a cohabiting family member as their primary caregiver. Palliative care was the most frequent reason for admission (n=75, 61%). The mortality rate (odds ratio [OR] 61.8, 95% CI 53.2-70.5) was similar between men and women (OR 54.1, 95% CI 47.8-71.5 vs OR 59.7, 95% CI 42.2-66.0; P=.23). The cognitive assessment, using the Pfeiffer scale, improved at discharge (mean 3.2, SD 3.2 vs mean 2.5, SD 3.1; P=.003). The length of stay was significantly larger for patients who returned home compared with patients discharged to other facilities (mean 89.8, SD 58.2 versus mean 33.1, SD 43.1 days; P<.001). The direct cost savings were estimated at US $42,614,846 per 1000 admissions. ConclusionsPatients typically treated in HACLES are older, with a high level of cognitive impairment and physical dependency, and a significant proportion are in palliative care, highlighting the importance of adapting care to the individual needs of the admitted patients. The HACLES model contributes to the sustainability of the public health system.
format Article
id doaj-art-129ae6f57fec492181d76ea81b76a06f
institution Kabale University
issn 1929-073X
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher JMIR Publications
record_format Article
series Interactive Journal of Medical Research
spelling doaj-art-129ae6f57fec492181d76ea81b76a06f2024-11-19T16:46:11ZengJMIR PublicationsInteractive Journal of Medical Research1929-073X2024-11-0113e6424810.2196/64248Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational StudyJosé Joaquín Mirahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6497-083XDaniel García-Torreshttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-4718-7084María del Mar Bonell-Guerrerohttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3369-2946Ana Isabel Cáceres-Sevillahttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5743-6678Martina Ramirez-Sanzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-1373-4891Rosa Martínez-Lleohttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-1966-6792Concepción Carrataláhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-6294 BackgroundLong-term care hospitals have been considered an efficient response to the health care needs of an increasingly aging population. These centers are expected to contribute to better hospital bed management and more personalized care for patients needing continuous care. The evaluation of their outcomes is necessary after a sufficient period to assess their impact. Hospitals for Acute and Chronic Long-Term Extended Stay (HACLES) emerged in Spain in the late 20th century as a response to the aging population and the increase in chronic diseases. ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the profile of patients treated in a HACLES, particularly analyzing gender differences, and evaluate the cost savings associated with using these centers. MethodsA retrospective study was conducted based on data from patients 65 years old or older admitted to a HACLES between 2022 and 2023. Gender, age, household cohabitation data, diagnosis and comorbidity, daily medication intake, and degree of dependency were obtained to describe the profile of patients who attended the HACLES. Data coded in SIA-Abucasis (version 37.00.03; Consellería Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana; a digital medical record system used in the Valencian region) were reviewed, and descriptive statistics and comparison tests were used. The direct cost savings of HACLES admissions were calculated by comparing the daily cost of a general hospital bed with that of a HACLES bed. ResultsData from 123 patients with a mean age of 77 years were analyzed. Most (n=81, 65.9%) had a cohabiting family member as their primary caregiver. Palliative care was the most frequent reason for admission (n=75, 61%). The mortality rate (odds ratio [OR] 61.8, 95% CI 53.2-70.5) was similar between men and women (OR 54.1, 95% CI 47.8-71.5 vs OR 59.7, 95% CI 42.2-66.0; P=.23). The cognitive assessment, using the Pfeiffer scale, improved at discharge (mean 3.2, SD 3.2 vs mean 2.5, SD 3.1; P=.003). The length of stay was significantly larger for patients who returned home compared with patients discharged to other facilities (mean 89.8, SD 58.2 versus mean 33.1, SD 43.1 days; P<.001). The direct cost savings were estimated at US $42,614,846 per 1000 admissions. ConclusionsPatients typically treated in HACLES are older, with a high level of cognitive impairment and physical dependency, and a significant proportion are in palliative care, highlighting the importance of adapting care to the individual needs of the admitted patients. The HACLES model contributes to the sustainability of the public health system.https://www.i-jmr.org/2024/1/e64248
spellingShingle José Joaquín Mira
Daniel García-Torres
María del Mar Bonell-Guerrero
Ana Isabel Cáceres-Sevilla
Martina Ramirez-Sanz
Rosa Martínez-Lleo
Concepción Carratalá
Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
Interactive Journal of Medical Research
title Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
title_full Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
title_fullStr Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
title_short Patient Profile and Cost Savings of Long-Term Care in a Spanish Hospital: Retrospective Observational Study
title_sort patient profile and cost savings of long term care in a spanish hospital retrospective observational study
url https://www.i-jmr.org/2024/1/e64248
work_keys_str_mv AT josejoaquinmira patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT danielgarciatorres patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT mariadelmarbonellguerrero patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT anaisabelcaceressevilla patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT martinaramirezsanz patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT rosamartinezlleo patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT concepcioncarratala patientprofileandcostsavingsoflongtermcareinaspanishhospitalretrospectiveobservationalstudy