A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System
The rapid and reliable diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria constitutes one of the key procedures in clinical microbiology. Automatic jar gassing systems are commonly used laboratory instruments for this purpose. The most critical factors affecting the cultivation performance of these systems are the lev...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Fatih S. Sayin Hasan Erdal Nurver T. Ulger Mehmet B. Aksu Mehmet M. Guncu |
| author_facet | Fatih S. Sayin Hasan Erdal Nurver T. Ulger Mehmet B. Aksu Mehmet M. Guncu |
| author_sort | Fatih S. Sayin |
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| description | The rapid and reliable diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria constitutes one of the key procedures in clinical microbiology. Automatic jar gassing systems are commonly used laboratory instruments for this purpose. The most critical factors affecting the cultivation performance of these systems are the level of residual oxygen remaining in the anaerobic jar and the reaction rate determined by the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The main objective of the presented study is to design and manufacture an enhanced jar gassing system equipped with an extremum seeking-based estimation algorithm that combines real-time data and a reaction model of the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The microkinetic behavior of the palladium catalyst was modeled through a learning-from-experiment methodology. The majority of microkinetic model parameters were derived from material characterization analysis. A comparative validation test of the designed cultivation system was conducted using conventional gas pouches via six different bacterial strains. The results demonstrated high cell viability, with colony counts ranging from 1.26 × 10<sup>5</sup> to 2.17 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU mL<sup>−1</sup>. The favorable catalyst facets for water formation on Pd surfaces and the crystal structure of Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> pellets were identified by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The doping ratio of the noble metal (Pd) and the support material (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was validated via energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements as 0.68% and 99.32%, respectively. The porous structure of the catalyst was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). During the reference clinical trial, the estimation algorithm was terminated after 878 iterations, having reached its predetermined termination value. The measured and modelled reaction rates were found to converge with a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of less than 10<sup>−4</sup>, and the Arrhenius parameters of ongoing catalytic reaction were obtained. Additionally, our research offers a comprehensive analysis of anaerobic jar gassing systems from an engineering perspective, providing novel insights that are absent from the existing literature. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
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| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-11a6ffbaddbf45a78e21fd202455dc2c2024-11-26T17:51:49ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542024-10-011111106810.3390/bioengineering11111068A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation SystemFatih S. Sayin0Hasan Erdal1Nurver T. Ulger2Mehmet B. Aksu3Mehmet M. Guncu4Electrical–Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyElectrical–Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyMedical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyMedical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyInstitute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34865 Istanbul, TurkeyThe rapid and reliable diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria constitutes one of the key procedures in clinical microbiology. Automatic jar gassing systems are commonly used laboratory instruments for this purpose. The most critical factors affecting the cultivation performance of these systems are the level of residual oxygen remaining in the anaerobic jar and the reaction rate determined by the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The main objective of the presented study is to design and manufacture an enhanced jar gassing system equipped with an extremum seeking-based estimation algorithm that combines real-time data and a reaction model of the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The microkinetic behavior of the palladium catalyst was modeled through a learning-from-experiment methodology. The majority of microkinetic model parameters were derived from material characterization analysis. A comparative validation test of the designed cultivation system was conducted using conventional gas pouches via six different bacterial strains. The results demonstrated high cell viability, with colony counts ranging from 1.26 × 10<sup>5</sup> to 2.17 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU mL<sup>−1</sup>. The favorable catalyst facets for water formation on Pd surfaces and the crystal structure of Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> pellets were identified by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The doping ratio of the noble metal (Pd) and the support material (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was validated via energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements as 0.68% and 99.32%, respectively. The porous structure of the catalyst was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). During the reference clinical trial, the estimation algorithm was terminated after 878 iterations, having reached its predetermined termination value. The measured and modelled reaction rates were found to converge with a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of less than 10<sup>−4</sup>, and the Arrhenius parameters of ongoing catalytic reaction were obtained. Additionally, our research offers a comprehensive analysis of anaerobic jar gassing systems from an engineering perspective, providing novel insights that are absent from the existing literature.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/11/11/1068cultivation of anaerobesMcIntosh and Fildes methodheterogeneous catalysismicrokinetic modellingextremum seeking |
| spellingShingle | Fatih S. Sayin Hasan Erdal Nurver T. Ulger Mehmet B. Aksu Mehmet M. Guncu A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System Bioengineering cultivation of anaerobes McIntosh and Fildes method heterogeneous catalysis microkinetic modelling extremum seeking |
| title | A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Investigation on Catalytic Behavior of Anaerobic Jar Gassing Systems and Design of an Enhanced Cultivation System |
| title_sort | comprehensive investigation on catalytic behavior of anaerobic jar gassing systems and design of an enhanced cultivation system |
| topic | cultivation of anaerobes McIntosh and Fildes method heterogeneous catalysis microkinetic modelling extremum seeking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/11/11/1068 |
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