Next-Generation Nitrate, Ammonium, Phosphate, and Potassium Ion Monitoring System in Closed Hydroponics: Review on State-of-the-Art Sensors and Their Applications
Closed hydroponics is an environmentally friendly and economical method for growing crops by circulating a nutrient solution while measuring and supplementing various ions contained in the solution. However, conventional monitoring systems in hydroponics do not measure individual ions in the nutrien...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | AgriEngineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/6/4/274 |
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