Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs

One of the major factors causing reduced developmental capacity of aged porcine oocytes is the induction of oxidative stress during oocyte aging. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) supports cellular function by acting as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger. The aim of this study is to evaluate...

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Main Authors: Yan Wang, Jiayu Yuan, Chenran Sun, Ling Sun, Tao Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/3/265
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author Yan Wang
Jiayu Yuan
Chenran Sun
Ling Sun
Tao Lin
author_facet Yan Wang
Jiayu Yuan
Chenran Sun
Ling Sun
Tao Lin
author_sort Yan Wang
collection DOAJ
description One of the major factors causing reduced developmental capacity of aged porcine oocytes is the induction of oxidative stress during oocyte aging. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) supports cellular function by acting as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether exogenous supplementation of TUDCA to the porcine in vitro maturation system can ameliorate the compromised quality of aged oocytes by mitigating free radical production. We found that TUDCA was able to effectively maintain normal oocyte morphology, cortical granule distribution, and spindle structure during postovulatory aging. Additionally, the blastocyst rate and total cell number in blastocysts were significantly increased in aged porcine oocytes treated with TUDCA. Importantly, aged porcine oocytes treated with TUDCA reduced ROS levels, increased the expression levels of GSH and <i>SOD1</i> genes, and improved the mitochondrial membrane potential ratio. Further study demonstrated that TUDCA significantly alleviated apoptosis in aged porcine oocytes, confirmed by the decreased Caspase 3 levels and ratio of <i>BAX</i> to <i>BCL2</i>. Interestingly, TUDCA could effectively alleviate the phenomenon of endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered during the oocyte aging process. Taking these findings together, our study demonstrates that TUDCA supplementation beneficially affects the quality of aged porcine oocytes by suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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spelling doaj-art-0f5cb0337bbf4f7b9dbf7d0cdb8a27512025-08-20T03:43:51ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-03-0112326510.3390/vetsci12030265Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in PigsYan Wang0Jiayu Yuan1Chenran Sun2Ling Sun3Tao Lin4School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, ChinaOne of the major factors causing reduced developmental capacity of aged porcine oocytes is the induction of oxidative stress during oocyte aging. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) supports cellular function by acting as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether exogenous supplementation of TUDCA to the porcine in vitro maturation system can ameliorate the compromised quality of aged oocytes by mitigating free radical production. We found that TUDCA was able to effectively maintain normal oocyte morphology, cortical granule distribution, and spindle structure during postovulatory aging. Additionally, the blastocyst rate and total cell number in blastocysts were significantly increased in aged porcine oocytes treated with TUDCA. Importantly, aged porcine oocytes treated with TUDCA reduced ROS levels, increased the expression levels of GSH and <i>SOD1</i> genes, and improved the mitochondrial membrane potential ratio. Further study demonstrated that TUDCA significantly alleviated apoptosis in aged porcine oocytes, confirmed by the decreased Caspase 3 levels and ratio of <i>BAX</i> to <i>BCL2</i>. Interestingly, TUDCA could effectively alleviate the phenomenon of endoplasmic reticulum stress triggered during the oocyte aging process. Taking these findings together, our study demonstrates that TUDCA supplementation beneficially affects the quality of aged porcine oocytes by suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/3/265tauroursodeoxycholic acidpostovulatory aged oocyteROSapoptosisendoplasmic reticulum stress
spellingShingle Yan Wang
Jiayu Yuan
Chenran Sun
Ling Sun
Tao Lin
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
Veterinary Sciences
tauroursodeoxycholic acid
postovulatory aged oocyte
ROS
apoptosis
endoplasmic reticulum stress
title Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
title_full Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
title_fullStr Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
title_full_unstemmed Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
title_short Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances the Quality of Postovulatory Aged Oocytes by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs
title_sort tauroursodeoxycholic acid enhances the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes by alleviating oxidative stress apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in pigs
topic tauroursodeoxycholic acid
postovulatory aged oocyte
ROS
apoptosis
endoplasmic reticulum stress
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/3/265
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