Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors
Polyethylene-based separators are generally unsuitable for aqueous supercapacitors due to their poor wettability with the electrolyte, which impedes ion transport. However, incorporating Triton X-100 (2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol) into the aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyt...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217924001321 |
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| author | S.M.B. Dissanayake I.G.K.J. Wimalasena N.M. Keppetipola B.C. Karunarathne A.D.T. Medagedara Ludmila Cojocaru Satoshi Uchida R.M.G. Rajapakse Kirthi Tennakone Masamichi Yoshimura G.R.A. Kumara |
| author_facet | S.M.B. Dissanayake I.G.K.J. Wimalasena N.M. Keppetipola B.C. Karunarathne A.D.T. Medagedara Ludmila Cojocaru Satoshi Uchida R.M.G. Rajapakse Kirthi Tennakone Masamichi Yoshimura G.R.A. Kumara |
| author_sort | S.M.B. Dissanayake |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyethylene-based separators are generally unsuitable for aqueous supercapacitors due to their poor wettability with the electrolyte, which impedes ion transport. However, incorporating Triton X-100 (2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol) into the aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte improves the wettability of polyethylene and facilitates ionic movement through its pores. In this study, Triton X-100 was added to 1.0 M H2SO4 at various concentrations (0.122%–1.210% V/V) to evaluate its impact on supercapacitor performance. Supercapacitors were assembled using activated carbon-filled carbon cloth electrodes, each of the above electrolytes and polyethylene sheet separators. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the carbon cloth exhibited a uniform fiber distribution and high surface area for activated carbon integration. The polyethylene separator displayed a porous structure with an average pore size of 165 ± 35 nm. Triton X-100 significantly reduced the water contact angle from 101.5° (without surfactant) to 30.2° (with 1.21% V/V Triton X-100), enhancing polyethylene’s wettability. This change from hydrophobic to hydrophilic characteristics enabled the formation of an electrical double layer at the separator/electrolyte interface, improving ionic transport. However, higher Triton X-100 concentrations increased the electrolyte's viscosity, which impeded ion movement. The highest specific capacitance of 55.3 F/g (at a scan rate of 0.005 V s−1) was achieved with 0.488% V/V Triton X-100. The specific capacitance varied with surfactant concentration in a complex manner, influenced by micelle formation and precipitation. These findings were corroborated by cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0eb2268077d2456f9317862475aa9b5a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2468-2179 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices |
| spelling | doaj-art-0eb2268077d2456f9317862475aa9b5a2024-12-13T11:00:32ZengElsevierJournal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices2468-21792024-12-0194100801Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitorsS.M.B. Dissanayake0I.G.K.J. Wimalasena1N.M. Keppetipola2B.C. Karunarathne3A.D.T. Medagedara4Ludmila Cojocaru5Satoshi Uchida6R.M.G. Rajapakse7Kirthi Tennakone8Masamichi Yoshimura9G.R.A. Kumara10National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri LankaNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri LankaUniversité de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence Cedex, FranceNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri LankaNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri LankaUniversité de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence Cedex, FranceThe University of Tokyo, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8904, JapanDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya Sri Lanka, Sri LankaNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri LankaGraduate School of Engineering, Toyota Technological Institute, 2-12-1 Hisakata, Tempaku, Nagoya, 468-8511, JapanNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Corresponding author.Polyethylene-based separators are generally unsuitable for aqueous supercapacitors due to their poor wettability with the electrolyte, which impedes ion transport. However, incorporating Triton X-100 (2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol) into the aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte improves the wettability of polyethylene and facilitates ionic movement through its pores. In this study, Triton X-100 was added to 1.0 M H2SO4 at various concentrations (0.122%–1.210% V/V) to evaluate its impact on supercapacitor performance. Supercapacitors were assembled using activated carbon-filled carbon cloth electrodes, each of the above electrolytes and polyethylene sheet separators. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the carbon cloth exhibited a uniform fiber distribution and high surface area for activated carbon integration. The polyethylene separator displayed a porous structure with an average pore size of 165 ± 35 nm. Triton X-100 significantly reduced the water contact angle from 101.5° (without surfactant) to 30.2° (with 1.21% V/V Triton X-100), enhancing polyethylene’s wettability. This change from hydrophobic to hydrophilic characteristics enabled the formation of an electrical double layer at the separator/electrolyte interface, improving ionic transport. However, higher Triton X-100 concentrations increased the electrolyte's viscosity, which impeded ion movement. The highest specific capacitance of 55.3 F/g (at a scan rate of 0.005 V s−1) was achieved with 0.488% V/V Triton X-100. The specific capacitance varied with surfactant concentration in a complex manner, influenced by micelle formation and precipitation. These findings were corroborated by cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217924001321SupercapacitorPolyethylene separatorAqueous electrolyteTriton X-100 |
| spellingShingle | S.M.B. Dissanayake I.G.K.J. Wimalasena N.M. Keppetipola B.C. Karunarathne A.D.T. Medagedara Ludmila Cojocaru Satoshi Uchida R.M.G. Rajapakse Kirthi Tennakone Masamichi Yoshimura G.R.A. Kumara Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices Supercapacitor Polyethylene separator Aqueous electrolyte Triton X-100 |
| title | Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors |
| title_full | Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors |
| title_short | Effect of Triton X-100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene-based separators used in supercapacitors |
| title_sort | effect of triton x 100 surfactant concentration on the wettability of polyethylene based separators used in supercapacitors |
| topic | Supercapacitor Polyethylene separator Aqueous electrolyte Triton X-100 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217924001321 |
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