Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice
This study investigated the growing environmental concern of particulate matter (PM)-induced pulmonary injury and explored novel preventive strategies. In particular, it evaluated the protective effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex. Kitam root extract (AJ), which is known fo...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Junho Lee Sana Mansoor Jeongjun Lee Hunsuk Chung Young-Sam Kwon Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir Jae-Suk Choi Sae-Kwang Ku |
| author_facet | Junho Lee Sana Mansoor Jeongjun Lee Hunsuk Chung Young-Sam Kwon Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir Jae-Suk Choi Sae-Kwang Ku |
| author_sort | Junho Lee |
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| description | This study investigated the growing environmental concern of particulate matter (PM)-induced pulmonary injury and explored novel preventive strategies. In particular, it evaluated the protective effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex. Kitam root extract (AJ), which is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced subacute pulmonary injuries in Balb/c mice. The experimental design involved administering AJ at a concentration from 400 to 100 mg/kg over a ten-day period, with comparisons made to the mucolytic agent ambroxol hydrochloride (AX). The results revealed that AJ significantly alleviated PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced pulmonary injuries, mucus overproduction, and respiratory acidosis in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, body surface redness was reduced by up to 55% at a concentration of 100 mg/kg compared to the control. These effects were evidenced by reduced mRNA expression of the mucus-associated genes MUC5B and MUC5AC and increased concentrations of substance P (up to 475%) and acetylcholine (up to 355%) in the lungs at 400 mg/kg, compared to the intact vehicle control. Particularly, the 400 mg/kg dose of AJ demonstrated comparable effectiveness to AX, highlighting its potent mucolytic and expectorant activities. The results of this study highlight the fact that AJ could act as a promising alternative for respiratory protection, with potential applications as a functional food ingredient. This study substantiates AJ’s role in enhancing respiratory health, emphasizing its capacity as a candidate for further development into therapeutic agents against toxic environmental exposure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0e64896745634e31818a6a2df19f66d7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-0e64896745634e31818a6a2df19f66d72025-01-10T13:14:26ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-011519910.3390/app15010099Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in MiceJunho Lee0Sana Mansoor1Jeongjun Lee2Hunsuk Chung3Young-Sam Kwon4Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir5Jae-Suk Choi6Sae-Kwang Ku7Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of KoreaGAPI BIO Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18622, Republic of KoreaGAPI BIO Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18622, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Seafood Science and Technology, The Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of KoreaThis study investigated the growing environmental concern of particulate matter (PM)-induced pulmonary injury and explored novel preventive strategies. In particular, it evaluated the protective effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex. Kitam root extract (AJ), which is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, against PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced subacute pulmonary injuries in Balb/c mice. The experimental design involved administering AJ at a concentration from 400 to 100 mg/kg over a ten-day period, with comparisons made to the mucolytic agent ambroxol hydrochloride (AX). The results revealed that AJ significantly alleviated PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced pulmonary injuries, mucus overproduction, and respiratory acidosis in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, body surface redness was reduced by up to 55% at a concentration of 100 mg/kg compared to the control. These effects were evidenced by reduced mRNA expression of the mucus-associated genes MUC5B and MUC5AC and increased concentrations of substance P (up to 475%) and acetylcholine (up to 355%) in the lungs at 400 mg/kg, compared to the intact vehicle control. Particularly, the 400 mg/kg dose of AJ demonstrated comparable effectiveness to AX, highlighting its potent mucolytic and expectorant activities. The results of this study highlight the fact that AJ could act as a promising alternative for respiratory protection, with potential applications as a functional food ingredient. This study substantiates AJ’s role in enhancing respiratory health, emphasizing its capacity as a candidate for further development into therapeutic agents against toxic environmental exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/99antioxidant activityanti-inflammatory<i>Atractylodes japonica</i>herbal medicinemucolytic expectorantrespiratory protection |
| spellingShingle | Junho Lee Sana Mansoor Jeongjun Lee Hunsuk Chung Young-Sam Kwon Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir Jae-Suk Choi Sae-Kwang Ku Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice Applied Sciences antioxidant activity anti-inflammatory <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> herbal medicine mucolytic expectorant respiratory protection |
| title | Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice |
| title_full | Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice |
| title_short | Expectorant Effects of <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> Koidz. ex Kitam Root Extracts on Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice |
| title_sort | expectorant effects of i atractylodes japonica i koidz ex kitam root extracts on particulate matter induced pulmonary injury in mice |
| topic | antioxidant activity anti-inflammatory <i>Atractylodes japonica</i> herbal medicine mucolytic expectorant respiratory protection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/99 |
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