A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt

Abstract Background The global poultry industry has been experiencing increasing condemnation at slaughterhouses since 2011, due to the emergence of avian reovirus (ARV) variant strains. Recently seven ARV genogroup clusters were identified based on the σC sequence of the S1 segment that was used as...

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Main Authors: Eslam Arafa, Hanan M. F. Abdien, Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen, Emad Diab, Mohamed Tarek, Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash, Wael K. Elfeil
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-11-01
Series:Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9
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author Eslam Arafa
Hanan M. F. Abdien
Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen
Emad Diab
Mohamed Tarek
Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash
Wael K. Elfeil
author_facet Eslam Arafa
Hanan M. F. Abdien
Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen
Emad Diab
Mohamed Tarek
Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash
Wael K. Elfeil
author_sort Eslam Arafa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The global poultry industry has been experiencing increasing condemnation at slaughterhouses since 2011, due to the emergence of avian reovirus (ARV) variant strains. Recently seven ARV genogroup clusters were identified based on the σC sequence of the S1 segment that was used as a genetic marker to characterize and classify ARV. Results Among ninety-seven suspected broilers, breeders, and commercial grandparent’s homogenates, ARV was PCR confirmed in thirty-five (36%). Samples were collected from different governorates in Egypt, including Giza–Ismailia–Sharqia–Menoufia, and Behira, between 2020 and 2023. A viral isolation trial was performed on weak positive samples, successfully isolating sixteen samples on the LMH cell line forming the characteristic giant cells of ARV infection. Partial sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the σC gene of ten ARV PCR positive samples revealed the circulation of ARV genogroup clusters 1, 2, 4, and 5, eight samples being distinguished from commercially available vaccine strains with a low percentage of nucleotides and amino acid identities. Conclusions This research demonstrated that the ARV isolates were distinct compared to commercially available vaccine strains based on partial σC sequence. Detection, isolation, and classification of ARV as genogroups 1, 2, 4, and 5 are recorded. A vigilant surveillance to evaluate the ARV situation in Egypt is urgent. We recommend re-evaluating the ARV commercial vaccines by challenging them with circulating Egyptian field isolates, as well as their cross-protection. In addition, the development of autologous vaccines from both classical and variant strains to provide optimal protection.
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spelling doaj-art-0e2a3f79dd964c3c8d8b61bb95f33a652024-12-01T12:40:00ZengSpringerOpenBeni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences2314-85432024-11-011311910.1186/s43088-024-00568-9A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in EgyptEslam Arafa0Hanan M. F. Abdien1Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen2Emad Diab3Mohamed Tarek4Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash5Wael K. Elfeil6Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityAvian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityReference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control On Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC)MEVAC for VaccinesReference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control On Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC)Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityAvian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityAbstract Background The global poultry industry has been experiencing increasing condemnation at slaughterhouses since 2011, due to the emergence of avian reovirus (ARV) variant strains. Recently seven ARV genogroup clusters were identified based on the σC sequence of the S1 segment that was used as a genetic marker to characterize and classify ARV. Results Among ninety-seven suspected broilers, breeders, and commercial grandparent’s homogenates, ARV was PCR confirmed in thirty-five (36%). Samples were collected from different governorates in Egypt, including Giza–Ismailia–Sharqia–Menoufia, and Behira, between 2020 and 2023. A viral isolation trial was performed on weak positive samples, successfully isolating sixteen samples on the LMH cell line forming the characteristic giant cells of ARV infection. Partial sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the σC gene of ten ARV PCR positive samples revealed the circulation of ARV genogroup clusters 1, 2, 4, and 5, eight samples being distinguished from commercially available vaccine strains with a low percentage of nucleotides and amino acid identities. Conclusions This research demonstrated that the ARV isolates were distinct compared to commercially available vaccine strains based on partial σC sequence. Detection, isolation, and classification of ARV as genogroups 1, 2, 4, and 5 are recorded. A vigilant surveillance to evaluate the ARV situation in Egypt is urgent. We recommend re-evaluating the ARV commercial vaccines by challenging them with circulating Egyptian field isolates, as well as their cross-protection. In addition, the development of autologous vaccines from both classical and variant strains to provide optimal protection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9Avian orthoreovirusARV isolationMalabsorption syndrome (MAS)Reo genogroup clusterReo vaccine
spellingShingle Eslam Arafa
Hanan M. F. Abdien
Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen
Emad Diab
Mohamed Tarek
Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash
Wael K. Elfeil
A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Avian orthoreovirus
ARV isolation
Malabsorption syndrome (MAS)
Reo genogroup cluster
Reo vaccine
title A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
title_full A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
title_fullStr A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
title_full_unstemmed A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
title_short A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
title_sort new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in egypt
topic Avian orthoreovirus
ARV isolation
Malabsorption syndrome (MAS)
Reo genogroup cluster
Reo vaccine
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9
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