Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elevated core temperature by exposure to heat stress vs. heat exposure without elevated core temperature (mean skin temperature only) in addition to mental fatigue on aerobic exercise capacity in the heat. Seven highly trained athl...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-024-00377-0 |
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| author | Takashi Naito Tatsuya Saito Hirotsugu Morinaga Nobuhiko Eda Yohei Takai |
| author_facet | Takashi Naito Tatsuya Saito Hirotsugu Morinaga Nobuhiko Eda Yohei Takai |
| author_sort | Takashi Naito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elevated core temperature by exposure to heat stress vs. heat exposure without elevated core temperature (mean skin temperature only) in addition to mental fatigue on aerobic exercise capacity in the heat. Seven highly trained athletes completed two experimental conditions: elevation in core and skin temperatures (hyperthermia: HYP), and skin temperatures (SKIN). Participants performed the AX-Continuous Performance Task and Stroop Task to induce mental fatigue during a warm water immersion at 40 °C (HYP) and a passive seated heat exposure in a climatic chamber at 35 °C and 60% relative humidity (SKIN) for 45 min before exercise. Thereafter, participants performed running trial at 80% maximal oxygen uptake until voluntary exhaustion in the same chamber as the SKIN. Exercise time to exhaustion was significantly shorter in the HYP trial (538 ± 200 s) than in the SKIN trial (757 ± 324 s). Rectal temperature at the end of tasks in the HYP trial increased by 0.86 ± 0.26℃ and was significantly higher (37.69 ± 0.18℃) than that of the SKIN trial (36.96 ± 0.13℃), albeit no significant differences in mean skin temperature. Self-reported mental fatigue using visual analog scale was significantly higher after tasks in both trials, but no significant difference between trials was found. Throughout the trial, salivary cortisol concentration and perceptual responses were not affected by hyperthermia. This study demonstrated that a combination of high core temperature and mean skin temperature, and mental fatigue limit aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in hot environments compared with heat exposure without an elevation of core temperature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0e0d6f308bcd4f41b7729cc1ea53985b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1880-6805 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| spelling | doaj-art-0e0d6f308bcd4f41b7729cc1ea53985b2024-12-01T12:49:59ZengBMCJournal of Physiological Anthropology1880-68052024-11-0143111010.1186/s40101-024-00377-0Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heatTakashi Naito0Tatsuya Saito1Hirotsugu Morinaga2Nobuhiko Eda3Yohei Takai4Faculty of Law, Hokkai-Gakuen UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Tottori UniversityDepartment of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KanoyaDepartment of Fundamental Educaion, Dokkyo Medical UniversityDepartment of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KanoyaAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elevated core temperature by exposure to heat stress vs. heat exposure without elevated core temperature (mean skin temperature only) in addition to mental fatigue on aerobic exercise capacity in the heat. Seven highly trained athletes completed two experimental conditions: elevation in core and skin temperatures (hyperthermia: HYP), and skin temperatures (SKIN). Participants performed the AX-Continuous Performance Task and Stroop Task to induce mental fatigue during a warm water immersion at 40 °C (HYP) and a passive seated heat exposure in a climatic chamber at 35 °C and 60% relative humidity (SKIN) for 45 min before exercise. Thereafter, participants performed running trial at 80% maximal oxygen uptake until voluntary exhaustion in the same chamber as the SKIN. Exercise time to exhaustion was significantly shorter in the HYP trial (538 ± 200 s) than in the SKIN trial (757 ± 324 s). Rectal temperature at the end of tasks in the HYP trial increased by 0.86 ± 0.26℃ and was significantly higher (37.69 ± 0.18℃) than that of the SKIN trial (36.96 ± 0.13℃), albeit no significant differences in mean skin temperature. Self-reported mental fatigue using visual analog scale was significantly higher after tasks in both trials, but no significant difference between trials was found. Throughout the trial, salivary cortisol concentration and perceptual responses were not affected by hyperthermia. This study demonstrated that a combination of high core temperature and mean skin temperature, and mental fatigue limit aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in hot environments compared with heat exposure without an elevation of core temperature.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-024-00377-0 |
| spellingShingle | Takashi Naito Tatsuya Saito Hirotsugu Morinaga Nobuhiko Eda Yohei Takai Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| title | Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| title_full | Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| title_fullStr | Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| title_short | Elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| title_sort | elevated core temperature in addition to mental fatigue impairs aerobic exercise capacity in highly trained athletes in the heat |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-024-00377-0 |
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