Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)

In the past decade, the use of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has increased across many malignancies, including metastatic renal cell carcinoma as an option for frontline and subsequent lines of therapy. Despite the many therapeutic benefits of ICT, its use is complicated by the potential risk of i...

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Main Authors: Saivaroon Gajagowni, Emily Wang, Jianbo Wang, Matthew T. Campbell, Bilal A. Siddiqui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Case Reports in Oncological Medicine
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/crom/5582848
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author Saivaroon Gajagowni
Emily Wang
Jianbo Wang
Matthew T. Campbell
Bilal A. Siddiqui
author_facet Saivaroon Gajagowni
Emily Wang
Jianbo Wang
Matthew T. Campbell
Bilal A. Siddiqui
author_sort Saivaroon Gajagowni
collection DOAJ
description In the past decade, the use of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has increased across many malignancies, including metastatic renal cell carcinoma as an option for frontline and subsequent lines of therapy. Despite the many therapeutic benefits of ICT, its use is complicated by the potential risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). One rare but potentially life-threatening irAE is hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). HLH is a systemic inflammatory disorder resulting in multiorgan failure. The diagnosis of HLH is a challenge due to nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other systemic conditions, which can lead to delays in receiving appropriate treatment and potentially poor patient outcomes. This case illustrates the management of HLH caused by nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy through the use of corticosteroids and tocilizumab in a patient with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
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series Case Reports in Oncological Medicine
spelling doaj-art-0de79a2bb5fc44af919b63b8433057062025-01-14T00:00:04ZengWileyCase Reports in Oncological Medicine2090-67142025-01-01202510.1155/crom/5582848Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)Saivaroon Gajagowni0Emily Wang1Jianbo Wang2Matthew T. Campbell3Bilal A. Siddiqui4Division of Internal MedicinePharmacy Clinical ProgramsDepartment of Genitourinary Medical OncologyDepartment of Genitourinary Medical OncologyDepartment of Genitourinary Medical OncologyIn the past decade, the use of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has increased across many malignancies, including metastatic renal cell carcinoma as an option for frontline and subsequent lines of therapy. Despite the many therapeutic benefits of ICT, its use is complicated by the potential risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). One rare but potentially life-threatening irAE is hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). HLH is a systemic inflammatory disorder resulting in multiorgan failure. The diagnosis of HLH is a challenge due to nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other systemic conditions, which can lead to delays in receiving appropriate treatment and potentially poor patient outcomes. This case illustrates the management of HLH caused by nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy through the use of corticosteroids and tocilizumab in a patient with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/crom/5582848
spellingShingle Saivaroon Gajagowni
Emily Wang
Jianbo Wang
Matthew T. Campbell
Bilal A. Siddiqui
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
Case Reports in Oncological Medicine
title Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
title_full Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
title_fullStr Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
title_full_unstemmed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
title_short Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT)
title_sort hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis hlh following immune checkpoint therapy ict
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/crom/5582848
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