CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum
Abstract The activity of the Sun alternates between a solar minimum and a solar maximum, the former corresponding to a period of “quieter” status of the heliosphere. During solar minimum, it is in principle more straightforward to follow eruptive events and solar wind structures from their birth at...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003215 |
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| author | Erika Palmerio Christina O. Lee Ian G. Richardson Teresa Nieves‐Chinchilla Luiz F. G. Dos Santos Jacob R. Gruesbeck Nariaki V. Nitta M. Leila Mays Jasper S. Halekas Cary Zeitlin Shaosui Xu Mats Holmström Yoshifumi Futaana Tamitha Mulligan Benjamin J. Lynch Janet G. Luhmann |
| author_facet | Erika Palmerio Christina O. Lee Ian G. Richardson Teresa Nieves‐Chinchilla Luiz F. G. Dos Santos Jacob R. Gruesbeck Nariaki V. Nitta M. Leila Mays Jasper S. Halekas Cary Zeitlin Shaosui Xu Mats Holmström Yoshifumi Futaana Tamitha Mulligan Benjamin J. Lynch Janet G. Luhmann |
| author_sort | Erika Palmerio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The activity of the Sun alternates between a solar minimum and a solar maximum, the former corresponding to a period of “quieter” status of the heliosphere. During solar minimum, it is in principle more straightforward to follow eruptive events and solar wind structures from their birth at the Sun throughout their interplanetary journey. In this paper, we report analysis of the origin, evolution, and heliospheric impact of a series of solar transient events that took place during the second half of August 2018, that is, in the midst of the late declining phase of Solar Cycle 24. In particular, we focus on two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and a following high‐speed stream (HSS) on their way toward Earth and Mars. We find that the first CME impacted both planets, whilst the second caused a strong magnetic storm at Earth and went on to miss Mars, which nevertheless experienced space weather effects from the stream interacting region preceding the HSS. Analysis of remote‐sensing and in‐situ data supported by heliospheric modeling suggests that CME–HSS interaction resulted in the second CME rotating and deflecting in interplanetary space, highlighting that accurately reproducing the ambient solar wind is crucial even during “simpler” solar minimum periods. Lastly, we discuss the upstream solar wind conditions and transient structures responsible for driving space weather effects at Earth and Mars. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0cf0d1a55add40b98382e91574a47b37 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-0cf0d1a55add40b98382e91574a47b372025-01-14T16:31:13ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902022-09-01209n/an/a10.1029/2022SW003215CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar MinimumErika Palmerio0Christina O. Lee1Ian G. Richardson2Teresa Nieves‐Chinchilla3Luiz F. G. Dos Santos4Jacob R. Gruesbeck5Nariaki V. Nitta6M. Leila Mays7Jasper S. Halekas8Cary Zeitlin9Shaosui Xu10Mats Holmström11Yoshifumi Futaana12Tamitha Mulligan13Benjamin J. Lynch14Janet G. Luhmann15Predictive Science Inc. San Diego CA USASpace Sciences Laboratory University of California–Berkeley Berkeley CA USADepartment of Astronomy University of Maryland College Park MD USAHeliospheric Physics Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USANextSource Inc. New York NY USASolar System Exploration Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USALockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory Palo Alto CA USAHeliospheric Physics Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy University of Iowa Iowa City IA USALeidos Innovations Corporation Houston TX USASpace Sciences Laboratory University of California–Berkeley Berkeley CA USASwedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna SwedenSwedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna SwedenSpace Sciences Department The Aerospace Corporation Los Angeles CA USASpace Sciences Laboratory University of California–Berkeley Berkeley CA USASpace Sciences Laboratory University of California–Berkeley Berkeley CA USAAbstract The activity of the Sun alternates between a solar minimum and a solar maximum, the former corresponding to a period of “quieter” status of the heliosphere. During solar minimum, it is in principle more straightforward to follow eruptive events and solar wind structures from their birth at the Sun throughout their interplanetary journey. In this paper, we report analysis of the origin, evolution, and heliospheric impact of a series of solar transient events that took place during the second half of August 2018, that is, in the midst of the late declining phase of Solar Cycle 24. In particular, we focus on two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and a following high‐speed stream (HSS) on their way toward Earth and Mars. We find that the first CME impacted both planets, whilst the second caused a strong magnetic storm at Earth and went on to miss Mars, which nevertheless experienced space weather effects from the stream interacting region preceding the HSS. Analysis of remote‐sensing and in‐situ data supported by heliospheric modeling suggests that CME–HSS interaction resulted in the second CME rotating and deflecting in interplanetary space, highlighting that accurately reproducing the ambient solar wind is crucial even during “simpler” solar minimum periods. Lastly, we discuss the upstream solar wind conditions and transient structures responsible for driving space weather effects at Earth and Mars.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003215space weathercoronal mass ejectionssolar windSunEarthMars |
| spellingShingle | Erika Palmerio Christina O. Lee Ian G. Richardson Teresa Nieves‐Chinchilla Luiz F. G. Dos Santos Jacob R. Gruesbeck Nariaki V. Nitta M. Leila Mays Jasper S. Halekas Cary Zeitlin Shaosui Xu Mats Holmström Yoshifumi Futaana Tamitha Mulligan Benjamin J. Lynch Janet G. Luhmann CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum Space Weather space weather coronal mass ejections solar wind Sun Earth Mars |
| title | CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum |
| title_full | CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum |
| title_fullStr | CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum |
| title_full_unstemmed | CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum |
| title_short | CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum |
| title_sort | cme evolution in the structured heliosphere and effects at earth and mars during solar minimum |
| topic | space weather coronal mass ejections solar wind Sun Earth Mars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003215 |
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