Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes
Yaks are a rare and unique animal species inhabiting the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau; they are renowned for their remarkable ability to thrive in harsh environments. Milk-derived exosomes, tiny vesicles containing various biological molecules, play crucial roles in numerous pathological and physiological...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/87 |
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| author | Wenwen Ren Yongfu La Xiaoming Ma Xiaoyun Wu Xian Guo Min Chu Ping Yan Xianyong Lan Chunnian Liang |
| author_facet | Wenwen Ren Yongfu La Xiaoming Ma Xiaoyun Wu Xian Guo Min Chu Ping Yan Xianyong Lan Chunnian Liang |
| author_sort | Wenwen Ren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Yaks are a rare and unique animal species inhabiting the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau; they are renowned for their remarkable ability to thrive in harsh environments. Milk-derived exosomes, tiny vesicles containing various biological molecules, play crucial roles in numerous pathological and physiological processes, including cell growth, development, and immune regulation. This study delved into the microRNA expression profiles of yak milk-derived exosomes collected from both high- and low-altitude populations using small RNA sequencing. These miRNAs were found to be implicated in pathways associated with mammary gland inflammation, virus infection regulation, and heat stress response. Functional enrichment analyses, utilizing GO and KEGG databases, revealed that the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs are enriched in signaling pathways crucial for Th17 cell differentiation and the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, this research illuminates the adaptive mechanisms of yaks through the differential expression of miRNAs in their milk-derived exosomes across varying environmental conditions. These findings provide a valuable foundation for future investigations into yak resilience and the potential of milk-derived exosomes as tools for disease management and immune modulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ca69275bb334a539b254ded436b4424 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ca69275bb334a539b254ded436b44242025-01-10T13:14:01ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-011518710.3390/ani15010087Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different AltitudesWenwen Ren0Yongfu La1Xiaoming Ma2Xiaoyun Wu3Xian Guo4Min Chu5Ping Yan6Xianyong Lan7Chunnian Liang8Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaYaks are a rare and unique animal species inhabiting the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau; they are renowned for their remarkable ability to thrive in harsh environments. Milk-derived exosomes, tiny vesicles containing various biological molecules, play crucial roles in numerous pathological and physiological processes, including cell growth, development, and immune regulation. This study delved into the microRNA expression profiles of yak milk-derived exosomes collected from both high- and low-altitude populations using small RNA sequencing. These miRNAs were found to be implicated in pathways associated with mammary gland inflammation, virus infection regulation, and heat stress response. Functional enrichment analyses, utilizing GO and KEGG databases, revealed that the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs are enriched in signaling pathways crucial for Th17 cell differentiation and the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, this research illuminates the adaptive mechanisms of yaks through the differential expression of miRNAs in their milk-derived exosomes across varying environmental conditions. These findings provide a valuable foundation for future investigations into yak resilience and the potential of milk-derived exosomes as tools for disease management and immune modulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/87yakmilk-derived exosomesmiRNA |
| spellingShingle | Wenwen Ren Yongfu La Xiaoming Ma Xiaoyun Wu Xian Guo Min Chu Ping Yan Xianyong Lan Chunnian Liang Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes Animals yak milk-derived exosomes miRNA |
| title | Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles of Yak Milk-Derived Exosomes at Different Altitudes |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of mirna expression profiles of yak milk derived exosomes at different altitudes |
| topic | yak milk-derived exosomes miRNA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/87 |
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