Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM)
<p>Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important air pollutant with direct cancer risk and ozone-forming potential. HCHO sources are complex because HCHO is both directly emitted and produced from oxidation of most gas-phase reactive organic carbon. We update the secondary production of HCHO in the Comm...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/12903/2024/acp-24-12903-2024.pdf |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846161280750059520 |
|---|---|
| author | T. N. Skipper T. N. Skipper E. L. D'Ambro F. C. Wiser V. F. McNeill V. F. McNeill R. H. Schwantes B. H. Henderson I. R. Piletic C. B. Baublitz J. O. Bash A. R. Whitehill L. C. Valin A. P. Mouat J. Kaiser J. Kaiser G. M. Wolfe J. M. St. Clair J. M. St. Clair T. F. Hanisco A. Fried B. K. Place B. K. Place H. O. T. Pye |
| author_facet | T. N. Skipper T. N. Skipper E. L. D'Ambro F. C. Wiser V. F. McNeill V. F. McNeill R. H. Schwantes B. H. Henderson I. R. Piletic C. B. Baublitz J. O. Bash A. R. Whitehill L. C. Valin A. P. Mouat J. Kaiser J. Kaiser G. M. Wolfe J. M. St. Clair J. M. St. Clair T. F. Hanisco A. Fried B. K. Place B. K. Place H. O. T. Pye |
| author_sort | T. N. Skipper |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important air pollutant with direct cancer risk and ozone-forming potential. HCHO sources are complex because HCHO is both directly emitted and produced from oxidation of most gas-phase reactive organic carbon. We update the secondary production of HCHO in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Production of HCHO from isoprene and monoterpenes is increased, correcting an underestimate in the current version. Simulated June–August surface HCHO during peak photochemical production (11:00–15:00 LT, local time) increased by 0.6 ppb (32 %) over the southeastern USA and by 0.2 ppb (13 %) over the contiguous USA. The increased HCHO compares more favorably with satellite-based observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and from aircraft-based observations. Evaluation against hourly surface observations indicates a missing nighttime sink that can be improved by increased nighttime deposition, which reduces June–August nocturnal (20:00–04:00 LT) surface HCHO by 1.1 ppb (36 %) over the southeastern USA and 0.5 ppb (29 %) over the contiguous USA. The ability of CRACMM to capture peak levels of HCHO at midday is improved, particularly at sites in the northeastern USA, while peak levels at sites in the southeastern USA are improved, although still lower than observed. Using established risk assessment methods, lifetime exposure of the population in the contiguous USA (<span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 320 million) to ambient HCHO levels predicted here may result in 6200 lifetime cancer cases, with 40 % from controllable anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides and reactive organic compounds. Chemistry updates will be available in CRACMM version 2 (CRACMM2) in CMAQv5.5.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c93c7b196c54ab5b419ee722393fbc2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c93c7b196c54ab5b419ee722393fbc22024-11-21T09:46:10ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242024-11-0124129031292410.5194/acp-24-12903-2024Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM)T. N. Skipper0T. N. Skipper1E. L. D'Ambro2F. C. Wiser3V. F. McNeill4V. F. McNeill5R. H. Schwantes6B. H. Henderson7I. R. Piletic8C. B. Baublitz9J. O. Bash10A. R. Whitehill11L. C. Valin12A. P. Mouat13J. Kaiser14J. Kaiser15G. M. Wolfe16J. M. St. Clair17J. M. St. Clair18T. F. Hanisco19A. Fried20B. K. Place21B. K. Place22H. O. T. Pye23Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USADepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USAChemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USAOffice of Air and Radiation, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Air and Radiation, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USASchool of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USAAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USAAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USAJoint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USAAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USAInstitute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USAAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USASciGlob Instruments and Services, LLC, Columbia, MD, USAOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA<p>Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important air pollutant with direct cancer risk and ozone-forming potential. HCHO sources are complex because HCHO is both directly emitted and produced from oxidation of most gas-phase reactive organic carbon. We update the secondary production of HCHO in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Production of HCHO from isoprene and monoterpenes is increased, correcting an underestimate in the current version. Simulated June–August surface HCHO during peak photochemical production (11:00–15:00 LT, local time) increased by 0.6 ppb (32 %) over the southeastern USA and by 0.2 ppb (13 %) over the contiguous USA. The increased HCHO compares more favorably with satellite-based observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and from aircraft-based observations. Evaluation against hourly surface observations indicates a missing nighttime sink that can be improved by increased nighttime deposition, which reduces June–August nocturnal (20:00–04:00 LT) surface HCHO by 1.1 ppb (36 %) over the southeastern USA and 0.5 ppb (29 %) over the contiguous USA. The ability of CRACMM to capture peak levels of HCHO at midday is improved, particularly at sites in the northeastern USA, while peak levels at sites in the southeastern USA are improved, although still lower than observed. Using established risk assessment methods, lifetime exposure of the population in the contiguous USA (<span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 320 million) to ambient HCHO levels predicted here may result in 6200 lifetime cancer cases, with 40 % from controllable anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides and reactive organic compounds. Chemistry updates will be available in CRACMM version 2 (CRACMM2) in CMAQv5.5.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/12903/2024/acp-24-12903-2024.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. N. Skipper T. N. Skipper E. L. D'Ambro F. C. Wiser V. F. McNeill V. F. McNeill R. H. Schwantes B. H. Henderson I. R. Piletic C. B. Baublitz J. O. Bash A. R. Whitehill L. C. Valin A. P. Mouat J. Kaiser J. Kaiser G. M. Wolfe J. M. St. Clair J. M. St. Clair T. F. Hanisco A. Fried B. K. Place B. K. Place H. O. T. Pye Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) |
| title_full | Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) |
| title_fullStr | Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) |
| title_short | Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) |
| title_sort | role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the community regional atmospheric chemistry multiphase mechanism cracmm |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/12903/2024/acp-24-12903-2024.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tnskipper roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT tnskipper roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT eldambro roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT fcwiser roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT vfmcneill roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT vfmcneill roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT rhschwantes roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT bhhenderson roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT irpiletic roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT cbbaublitz roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT jobash roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT arwhitehill roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT lcvalin roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT apmouat roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT jkaiser roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT jkaiser roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT gmwolfe roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT jmstclair roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT jmstclair roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT tfhanisco roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT afried roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT bkplace roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT bkplace roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm AT hotpye roleofchemicalproductionanddepositionallossesonformaldehydeinthecommunityregionalatmosphericchemistrymultiphasemechanismcracmm |