Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses.
Neutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by human sera is a strong correlate of protection against symptomatic and severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The emergence of antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and the relatively rapid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-08-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012453 |
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| author | Karlijn van der Straten Denise Guerra Gius Kerster Mathieu Claireaux Marloes Grobben Angela I Schriek Anders Boyd Jacqueline van Rijswijk Khadija Tejjani Dirk Eggink Tim Beaumont Steven W de Taeye Godelieve J de Bree Rogier W Sanders Marit J van Gils |
| author_facet | Karlijn van der Straten Denise Guerra Gius Kerster Mathieu Claireaux Marloes Grobben Angela I Schriek Anders Boyd Jacqueline van Rijswijk Khadija Tejjani Dirk Eggink Tim Beaumont Steven W de Taeye Godelieve J de Bree Rogier W Sanders Marit J van Gils |
| author_sort | Karlijn van der Straten |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by human sera is a strong correlate of protection against symptomatic and severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The emergence of antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and the relatively rapid waning of serum antibody titers, however, raises questions about the sustainability of serum protection. In addition to serum neutralization, other antibody functionalities and the memory B cell (MBC) response are suggested to help maintaining this protection. In this study, we investigate the breadth of spike (S) protein-specific serum antibodies that mediate effector functions by interacting with Fc-gamma receptor IIa (FcγRIIa) and FcγRIIIa, and of the receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific MBCs, following a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection with the D614G, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron BA.1 or BA.2 variant. Irrespectively of the variant causing the infection, the breadth of S protein-specific serum antibodies that interact with FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa and the RBD-specific MBC responses exceeded the breadth of serum neutralization, although the Alpha-induced B cell response seemed more strain-specific. Between VOC groups, both quantitative and qualitative differences in the immune responses were observed, suggesting differences in immunogenicity. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of protective humoral and B cell responses in the light of emerging antigenically distinct VOCs, and highlights the need to study the immune system beyond serum neutralization to gain a better understanding of the protection against emerging variants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0bf61c3096a54740ab2bb2dd50612712 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-0bf61c3096a54740ab2bb2dd506127122024-12-11T05:31:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742024-08-01208e101245310.1371/journal.ppat.1012453Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses.Karlijn van der StratenDenise GuerraGius KersterMathieu ClaireauxMarloes GrobbenAngela I SchriekAnders BoydJacqueline van RijswijkKhadija TejjaniDirk EgginkTim BeaumontSteven W de TaeyeGodelieve J de BreeRogier W SandersMarit J van GilsNeutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by human sera is a strong correlate of protection against symptomatic and severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The emergence of antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and the relatively rapid waning of serum antibody titers, however, raises questions about the sustainability of serum protection. In addition to serum neutralization, other antibody functionalities and the memory B cell (MBC) response are suggested to help maintaining this protection. In this study, we investigate the breadth of spike (S) protein-specific serum antibodies that mediate effector functions by interacting with Fc-gamma receptor IIa (FcγRIIa) and FcγRIIIa, and of the receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific MBCs, following a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection with the D614G, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron BA.1 or BA.2 variant. Irrespectively of the variant causing the infection, the breadth of S protein-specific serum antibodies that interact with FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa and the RBD-specific MBC responses exceeded the breadth of serum neutralization, although the Alpha-induced B cell response seemed more strain-specific. Between VOC groups, both quantitative and qualitative differences in the immune responses were observed, suggesting differences in immunogenicity. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of protective humoral and B cell responses in the light of emerging antigenically distinct VOCs, and highlights the need to study the immune system beyond serum neutralization to gain a better understanding of the protection against emerging variants.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012453 |
| spellingShingle | Karlijn van der Straten Denise Guerra Gius Kerster Mathieu Claireaux Marloes Grobben Angela I Schriek Anders Boyd Jacqueline van Rijswijk Khadija Tejjani Dirk Eggink Tim Beaumont Steven W de Taeye Godelieve J de Bree Rogier W Sanders Marit J van Gils Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. |
| title_full | Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. |
| title_fullStr | Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. |
| title_short | Primary SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody Fc-mediated effector functions and memory B cell responses. |
| title_sort | primary sars cov 2 variant of concern infections elicit broad antibody fc mediated effector functions and memory b cell responses |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012453 |
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