Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications

Abstract A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a leading‐edge technology, represents a new paradigm for adaptive control of electromagnetic waves between a source and a user. While RIS technology has proven effective in manipulating radio frequency waves using passive elements such as diodes a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ramna Khalid, Jaekyung Kim, Nasir Mahmood, Humberto Cabrera, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Aaron Danner, Muhammad Zubair, Junsuk Rho
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-11-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406690
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846161940838088704
author Ramna Khalid
Jaekyung Kim
Nasir Mahmood
Humberto Cabrera
Muhammad Qasim Mehmood
Aaron Danner
Muhammad Zubair
Junsuk Rho
author_facet Ramna Khalid
Jaekyung Kim
Nasir Mahmood
Humberto Cabrera
Muhammad Qasim Mehmood
Aaron Danner
Muhammad Zubair
Junsuk Rho
author_sort Ramna Khalid
collection DOAJ
description Abstract A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a leading‐edge technology, represents a new paradigm for adaptive control of electromagnetic waves between a source and a user. While RIS technology has proven effective in manipulating radio frequency waves using passive elements such as diodes and MEMS, its application in the optical domain is challenging. The main difficulty lies in meeting key performance indicators, with the most critical being accurate and self‐adjusting positioning. This work presents an alternative RIS design methodology driven by an all‐silicon structure and fluid infiltration, to achieve real‐time control of focal length toward a designated user, thereby enabling secure data transmission. To validate the concept, both numerical simulations and experimental investigations of the RIS design methodology are conducted to demonstrate the performance of fluid‐infiltrated metalens‐driven RIS for this application. When combined with different fluids, the resulting ultra‐compact RIS exhibits exceptional varifocal abilities, ranging from 0.4 to 0.5 mm, thereby confirming the adaptive tuning capabilities of the design. This may significantly enhance the modulation of optical waves and promote the development of RIS‐based applications in wireless communications and secure data‐transmission integrated photonic devices.
format Article
id doaj-art-0b8b4d6ee7bb48daab249dfda598b8c1
institution Kabale University
issn 2198-3844
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Advanced Science
spelling doaj-art-0b8b4d6ee7bb48daab249dfda598b8c12024-11-20T19:25:40ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442024-11-011143n/an/a10.1002/advs.202406690Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless CommunicationsRamna Khalid0Jaekyung Kim1Nasir Mahmood2Humberto Cabrera3Muhammad Qasim Mehmood4Aaron Danner5Muhammad Zubair6Junsuk Rho7MicroNano Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University of the Punjab (ITU) Lahore 54000 PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of KoreaSZCU‐ITU Joint International MetaCenter for Advanced Photonics and Electronics Suzhou City University Suzhou 215104 ChinaMLab, STI Unit The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste 34151 ItalyMicroNano Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University of the Punjab (ITU) Lahore 54000 PakistanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 SingaporeMicroNano Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University of the Punjab (ITU) Lahore 54000 PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of KoreaAbstract A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a leading‐edge technology, represents a new paradigm for adaptive control of electromagnetic waves between a source and a user. While RIS technology has proven effective in manipulating radio frequency waves using passive elements such as diodes and MEMS, its application in the optical domain is challenging. The main difficulty lies in meeting key performance indicators, with the most critical being accurate and self‐adjusting positioning. This work presents an alternative RIS design methodology driven by an all‐silicon structure and fluid infiltration, to achieve real‐time control of focal length toward a designated user, thereby enabling secure data transmission. To validate the concept, both numerical simulations and experimental investigations of the RIS design methodology are conducted to demonstrate the performance of fluid‐infiltrated metalens‐driven RIS for this application. When combined with different fluids, the resulting ultra‐compact RIS exhibits exceptional varifocal abilities, ranging from 0.4 to 0.5 mm, thereby confirming the adaptive tuning capabilities of the design. This may significantly enhance the modulation of optical waves and promote the development of RIS‐based applications in wireless communications and secure data‐transmission integrated photonic devices.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406690fluid‐infiltrationintelligent metasurfaceoptical communicationreconfigurable metalensvarifocal metalens
spellingShingle Ramna Khalid
Jaekyung Kim
Nasir Mahmood
Humberto Cabrera
Muhammad Qasim Mehmood
Aaron Danner
Muhammad Zubair
Junsuk Rho
Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
Advanced Science
fluid‐infiltration
intelligent metasurface
optical communication
reconfigurable metalens
varifocal metalens
title Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
title_full Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
title_fullStr Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
title_full_unstemmed Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
title_short Fluid‐Infiltrated Metalens‐Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications
title_sort fluid infiltrated metalens driven reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for optical wireless communications
topic fluid‐infiltration
intelligent metasurface
optical communication
reconfigurable metalens
varifocal metalens
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406690
work_keys_str_mv AT ramnakhalid fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT jaekyungkim fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT nasirmahmood fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT humbertocabrera fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT muhammadqasimmehmood fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT aarondanner fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT muhammadzubair fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications
AT junsukrho fluidinfiltratedmetalensdrivenreconfigurableintelligentsurfacesforopticalwirelesscommunications