Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study

Background Heart rate (HR) assessment is crucial in neonatal resuscitation, but pulse oximetry (PO) and electrocardiography (ECG) are rarely accessible in low-resource to middle-resource settings. This study evaluated a free-of-charge smartphone application, NeoTap, which records HR with a screen-ta...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Francesco Cavallin, Nicolas J Pejovic, Josaphat Byamugisha, Tobias Alfvén, Thorkild Tylleskär, Susanna Myrnerts Höök, Clare Lubulwa, Jolly Nankunda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-02-01
Series:BMJ Paediatrics Open
Online Access:https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000688.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846148508214624256
author Francesco Cavallin
Nicolas J Pejovic
Josaphat Byamugisha
Tobias Alfvén
Thorkild Tylleskär
Susanna Myrnerts Höök
Clare Lubulwa
Jolly Nankunda
author_facet Francesco Cavallin
Nicolas J Pejovic
Josaphat Byamugisha
Tobias Alfvén
Thorkild Tylleskär
Susanna Myrnerts Höök
Clare Lubulwa
Jolly Nankunda
author_sort Francesco Cavallin
collection DOAJ
description Background Heart rate (HR) assessment is crucial in neonatal resuscitation, but pulse oximetry (PO) and electrocardiography (ECG) are rarely accessible in low-resource to middle-resource settings. This study evaluated a free-of-charge smartphone application, NeoTap, which records HR with a screen-tapping method bypassing mental arithmetic calculations.Methods This observational study was carried out during three time periods between May 2015 and January 2019 in Uganda in three phases. In phase 1, a metronome rate (n=180) was recorded by low-end users (midwives) using NeoTap. In phase 2, HR (n=69) in breathing neonates was recorded by high-end users (paediatricians) using NeoTap versus PO. In phase 3, HR (n=235) in non-breathing neonates was recorded by low-end users using NeoTap versus ECG.Results In high-end users the mean difference was 3 beats per minute (bpm) higher with NeoTap versus PO (95% agreement limits −14 to 19 bpm), with acquisition time of 5 seconds. In low-end users, the mean difference was 6 bpm lower with NeoTap versus metronome (95% agreement limits −26 to 14 bpm) and 3 bpm higher with NeoTap versus ECG in non-breathing neonates (95% agreement limits −48 to 53 bpm), with acquisition time of 2.7 seconds. The agreement between NeoTap and ECG was good in the HR categories of 60–99 bpm and ≥100 bpm; HR <60 bpm had few measurements (kappa index 0.71, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.79).Conclusion HR could be accurately and rapidly assessed using a smartphone application in breathing neonates in a low-resource setting. Clinical assessment by low-end users was less accurate with wider CI but still adds clinically important information in non-breathing neonates. The authors suggest low-end users may benefit from auscultation-focused training. More research is needed to evaluate its feasibility in clinical use.
format Article
id doaj-art-0abfa7b1fe4a4c498bfda5ea6111e84a
institution Kabale University
issn 2399-9772
language English
publishDate 2020-02-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Paediatrics Open
spelling doaj-art-0abfa7b1fe4a4c498bfda5ea6111e84a2024-12-01T01:35:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Paediatrics Open2399-97722020-02-014110.1136/bmjpo-2020-000688Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational studyFrancesco Cavallin0Nicolas J Pejovic1Josaphat Byamugisha2Tobias Alfvén3Thorkild Tylleskär4Susanna Myrnerts Höök5Clare Lubulwa6Jolly Nankunda7Independent Statistician, Solagna, ItalySachs` Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden9 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, NorwaySachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden6 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda9 Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaBackground Heart rate (HR) assessment is crucial in neonatal resuscitation, but pulse oximetry (PO) and electrocardiography (ECG) are rarely accessible in low-resource to middle-resource settings. This study evaluated a free-of-charge smartphone application, NeoTap, which records HR with a screen-tapping method bypassing mental arithmetic calculations.Methods This observational study was carried out during three time periods between May 2015 and January 2019 in Uganda in three phases. In phase 1, a metronome rate (n=180) was recorded by low-end users (midwives) using NeoTap. In phase 2, HR (n=69) in breathing neonates was recorded by high-end users (paediatricians) using NeoTap versus PO. In phase 3, HR (n=235) in non-breathing neonates was recorded by low-end users using NeoTap versus ECG.Results In high-end users the mean difference was 3 beats per minute (bpm) higher with NeoTap versus PO (95% agreement limits −14 to 19 bpm), with acquisition time of 5 seconds. In low-end users, the mean difference was 6 bpm lower with NeoTap versus metronome (95% agreement limits −26 to 14 bpm) and 3 bpm higher with NeoTap versus ECG in non-breathing neonates (95% agreement limits −48 to 53 bpm), with acquisition time of 2.7 seconds. The agreement between NeoTap and ECG was good in the HR categories of 60–99 bpm and ≥100 bpm; HR <60 bpm had few measurements (kappa index 0.71, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.79).Conclusion HR could be accurately and rapidly assessed using a smartphone application in breathing neonates in a low-resource setting. Clinical assessment by low-end users was less accurate with wider CI but still adds clinically important information in non-breathing neonates. The authors suggest low-end users may benefit from auscultation-focused training. More research is needed to evaluate its feasibility in clinical use.https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000688.full
spellingShingle Francesco Cavallin
Nicolas J Pejovic
Josaphat Byamugisha
Tobias Alfvén
Thorkild Tylleskär
Susanna Myrnerts Höök
Clare Lubulwa
Jolly Nankunda
Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
BMJ Paediatrics Open
title Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
title_full Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
title_fullStr Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
title_full_unstemmed Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
title_short Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study
title_sort smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment an observational study
url https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000688.full
work_keys_str_mv AT francescocavallin smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT nicolasjpejovic smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT josaphatbyamugisha smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT tobiasalfven smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT thorkildtylleskar smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT susannamyrnertshook smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT clarelubulwa smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy
AT jollynankunda smartphoneappforneonatalheartrateassessmentanobservationalstudy