Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases
Background . Rheumatic heart disease remains a significant health burden in resource-limited settings. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and valve lesion patterns of RHD in children from Eastern Ethiopia, comparing newly diagnosed and known RHD patients. Objective . This study aim...
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| Format: | Article |
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SAGE Publishing
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Global Pediatric Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X241298811 |
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| author | Temesgen Teferi Libe MD Yunus Edris Kelil MD Samrawit Abebaw Tegene MD, MPH Faisel Abdi Hassen MD, MPH Kibrom Hailemariam Mesfin MD |
| author_facet | Temesgen Teferi Libe MD Yunus Edris Kelil MD Samrawit Abebaw Tegene MD, MPH Faisel Abdi Hassen MD, MPH Kibrom Hailemariam Mesfin MD |
| author_sort | Temesgen Teferi Libe MD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background . Rheumatic heart disease remains a significant health burden in resource-limited settings. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and valve lesion patterns of RHD in children from Eastern Ethiopia, comparing newly diagnosed and known RHD patients. Objective . This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and valve lesion patterns in children with Rheumatic heart disease and provide a comparative analysis between newly diagnosed and known cases. Methods . A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2021. A total of 39 children with RHD were included, with data collected from medical records, clinical assessments, and echocardiographic evaluations. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Results. Among the 39 children studied, 25 were newly diagnosed and 14 were known RHD cases. The majority were female (71.8%). The median age was 10 years. Shortness of breath (53.9%) and cough (38.5%) were the most common presenting complaints. Only 14.3% of known RHD patients were adherent to secondary prophylaxis. Severe acute malnutrition and severe anemia were the most common comorbidities. Class IV heart failure was present in 89.7% of the patients. Echocardiographic findings revealed that all patients had mitral valve involvement, with mitral regurgitation (94.9%) being the most frequent. Conclusion. This study revealed that rheumatic diseases in children in Eastern Ethiopia present at advanced stages. Low adherence to secondary prophylaxis and high rates of severe heart failure highlights the consequences of delayed diagnosis and management. These findings underscore the urgent need for better healthcare infrastructure, enhanced prevention programs, and improved strategies to increase prophylaxis adherence to prevent disease progression and improve outcomes for affected children. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09a31e92f05f42fca09ba41967842faa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2333-794X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Global Pediatric Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-09a31e92f05f42fca09ba41967842faa2024-11-18T07:03:44ZengSAGE PublishingGlobal Pediatric Health2333-794X2024-11-011110.1177/2333794X241298811Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known CasesTemesgen Teferi Libe MD0Yunus Edris Kelil MD1Samrawit Abebaw Tegene MD, MPH2Faisel Abdi Hassen MD, MPH3Kibrom Hailemariam Mesfin MD4Haramaya University, Harar, Oromia, EthiopiaHaramaya University, Harar, Oromia, EthiopiaHaramaya University, Harar, Dire Dawa, EthiopiaHaramaya University, Harar, Dire Dawa, EthiopiaMaedot Charity Organization, Mekelle, EthiopiaBackground . Rheumatic heart disease remains a significant health burden in resource-limited settings. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and valve lesion patterns of RHD in children from Eastern Ethiopia, comparing newly diagnosed and known RHD patients. Objective . This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and valve lesion patterns in children with Rheumatic heart disease and provide a comparative analysis between newly diagnosed and known cases. Methods . A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2021. A total of 39 children with RHD were included, with data collected from medical records, clinical assessments, and echocardiographic evaluations. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Results. Among the 39 children studied, 25 were newly diagnosed and 14 were known RHD cases. The majority were female (71.8%). The median age was 10 years. Shortness of breath (53.9%) and cough (38.5%) were the most common presenting complaints. Only 14.3% of known RHD patients were adherent to secondary prophylaxis. Severe acute malnutrition and severe anemia were the most common comorbidities. Class IV heart failure was present in 89.7% of the patients. Echocardiographic findings revealed that all patients had mitral valve involvement, with mitral regurgitation (94.9%) being the most frequent. Conclusion. This study revealed that rheumatic diseases in children in Eastern Ethiopia present at advanced stages. Low adherence to secondary prophylaxis and high rates of severe heart failure highlights the consequences of delayed diagnosis and management. These findings underscore the urgent need for better healthcare infrastructure, enhanced prevention programs, and improved strategies to increase prophylaxis adherence to prevent disease progression and improve outcomes for affected children.https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X241298811 |
| spellingShingle | Temesgen Teferi Libe MD Yunus Edris Kelil MD Samrawit Abebaw Tegene MD, MPH Faisel Abdi Hassen MD, MPH Kibrom Hailemariam Mesfin MD Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases Global Pediatric Health |
| title | Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases |
| title_full | Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases |
| title_short | Clinical Characteristics and Valve Lesions in Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Children at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Comparative Study of Newly Diagnosed and Known Cases |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and valve lesions in rheumatic heart disease among children at hiwot fana comprehensive specialized hospital a comparative study of newly diagnosed and known cases |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X241298811 |
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